ArticleBMC public health2018
Out of school female adolescent employment status and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) risk in Uganda: is it a plausible relationship?
Article in BMC public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multilevel factors associated with self-reported sexually transmitted infections among sexually active women in Africa: a socio-ecological analysis.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Associations between socio-demographics, sexual knowledge and behaviour and sexually transmitted infections among reproductive-age women in Southeast Asia: Demographic Health Survey results.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Factors Associated with Early Sexual Activity in Adolescents Residing in an Urban Area of Northeastern Mexico Who Use WhatsApp or Facebook.Journal of community health · 2023Article
- High prevalence of rectal chlamydia among pregnant adolescents in La Romana, Dominican Republic warrants extragenital STI testing.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2022Article
- Trends and correlates of sexually transmitted infections among sexually active Ugandan female youths: evidence from three demographic and health surveys, 2006-2016.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundHigh prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) among adolescents is a serious public health concern. Although many factors are attributed to adolescents' risk of STI infections, the association between out of school adolescents' employment status and STIs has not been thoroughly explored in Uganda, yet many adolescents are known to be employed. Consequently, the extent to which adolescents' employment status may be a risk factor for unprotected sex and STIs among female adolescents is unclear. This study examines the association between female out of school adolescents' employment status and STI status using the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) data for 2016.
methodsBoth descriptive and multilevel binary logistic regressions were used to analyse the data. The descriptive statistics provided an overview of the association between the two main variables while the multilevel binary logistic estimated the relationship between employment status and STI status, while controlling for other fixed factors and community random factors.
resultsCompared to female adolescents who were not employed or not working, the odds of reporting positive STIs were significantly higher for female adolescents who were working but received no pay (1.801(95% CI = 1.105-2.936), were self-employed in agriculture (1.502 (95% CI = 1.003-2.250) and who did manual jobs (2.258(95% CI = 1.429-3.568) whether skilled or not. Likewise, female adolescents who had two or more lifetime sexual partners (11.679 (95% CI = 1.254-2.248) had significantly higher odds of reporting STIs than those who had only one lifetime sexual partner.
conclusionOut of school female adolescents who are employed in various types of low wage employments are at greater risk of exposure to STIs than their counterparts who do not work in Uganda. Instead of being a protective factor against the risk of STIs, their employment may expose them to risky sexual behaviour and STIs, given the vulnerabilities female adolescents who have dropped out of school tend to report. Therefore, the provision of decent employment opportunities for these females may provide an avenue for instructional scaffolding to build the life skills and empower these females so that they are better able to reduce their exposure to STIs.
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