ArticlePloS one2018
P16INK4a expression in patients with penile cancer.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of the most common types of high-risk HPV and p16Postepy dermatologii i alergologii · 2026Article
- Co-infection of Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus 16 Genotype in Genital Warts: A Case Report.Cureus · 2026Article
- Clinicopathological features and reclassification of penile squamous cell carcinoma according to WHO classification 2022 for penile carcinoma with p16 immunohistochemical expression and its prognostic impact.Diagnostic pathology · 2025Article
- Molecular characterization of metastatic penile squamous cell carcinoma in developing countries and its impact on clinical outcomes: LACOG 2018 translational study.The oncologist · 2025Article
- Article
- Transcriptionally Active Human Papillomavirus in Male Genital Lichen Sclerosus, Penile Intraepithelial Neoplasia, and Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2025Article
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in Penile Cancer in Thailand.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2024Article
- Exploring the Multifactorial Landscape of Penile Cancer: A Comprehensive Analysis of Risk Factors.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Study of Expression of P16 in Premalignant and Malignant Lesions of Penis and Their Significance.Iranian journal of pathology · 2024Article
- The Prognostic Role of Human Papillomavirus and p16 Status in Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma-A Systematic Review.Cancers · 2023Review
- The relationship of human papillomavirus positivity with tumor characteristics in an Irish penile cancer population.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2022Article
- Increased prevalence of human papillomavirus in fresh tissue from penile cancers compared to non-malignant penile samples: a case-control study.BMC cancer · 2022Article
- HPV infection and 5mC/5hmC epigenetic markers in penile squamous cell carcinoma: new insights into prognostics.Clinical epigenetics · 2022Article
- A comprehensive analysis of penile cancer in the region with the highest worldwide incidence reveals new insights into the disease.BMC cancer · 2022Article
- An update on treatment of penile cancer.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2022Review
- Emerging Therapies in Penile Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- A systematic review of non-HPV prognostic biomarkers used in penile squamous cell carcinoma.Turkish journal of urology · 2021Article
- Molecular mechanism of microRNA-26a regulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog gene in condyloma acuminatum and penile squamous cell carcinoma.The Journal of international medical research · 2021Article
- Prevalence of human papillomavirus and implication on survival in Chinese penile cancer.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2020Article
- A cohort study among 402 patients with penile cancer in Maranhão, Northeast Brazil with the highest worldwide incidence.BMC research notes · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInfection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is reported to be present in 30-50% of penile cancer cases. The immunohistochemical test for p16INK4a is used as an indicator of the presence of HPV and as a prognostic marker for squamous cell carcinomas in various sites. However, the role of this marker in penile carcinoma has not yet been completely elucidated. The aim of this study was to analyze whether the expression of p16INK4a is associated with the presence of HPV, histological parameters, and survival in penile cancer.
methodsA study was conducted from 2014 to 2016 that included 55 patients with penile carcinoma. HPV DNA was detected through PCR using fresh tumor tissue, and immunohistochemistry was performed for analysis of p16INK4a protein using paraffin-embedded tissue. Evaluation of histological parameters was performed following complete embedding of the tumor tissue in paraffin.
resultsHPV DNA (low-risk and high-risk genotypes) was found in 49 (89.1%) cases, and 46/49 (93.9%) showed high-oncogenic risk HPV (HR-HPV). Of the 22 cases positive for p16INK4a, HR-HPV DNA was present in 21 (95.5%) (p = 0.032). Regarding histological parameters, p16INK4a and HR-HPV were significantly associated only with tumor subtype (p = 0.036 and p = 0.032, respectively); all carcinomas with basaloid characteristics were positive for p16INK4a. Although HPV+ patients had a higher disease-free survival (p <0.001), p16INK4a expression was not associated with patient survival.
conclusionsOur study, using fresh tissue samples, showed the highest incidence of HPV compared to that observed in the literature. Expression of the p16INK4a protein was significantly associated with the presence of HR-HPV and this expression may serve as a marker for the presence of the virus. The p16INK4a protein was not associated with the histological prognostic parameters, with the exception of tumor subtype, nor with patient survival. In the results, we showed that the objective of the present study was reached.
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