ArticlePloS one2018
A guide to using a multiple-matrix animal model to disentangle genetic and nongenetic causes of phenotypic variance.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Lifetime fitness and annual survival are heritable and highly genetically correlated in a wild primate population.Evolution; international journal of organic evolution · 2026Article
- Embryonic Hormetic Priming Modulates Later-Life Thermal Tolerance.Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- A Recursive Model Approach to Include Epigenetic Effects in Genetic Evaluations Using Simulated DNA Methylation Effects.Journal of animal breeding and genetics = Zeitschrift fur Tierzuchtung und Zuchtungsbiologie · 2025Article
- Effects of the Prenatal Maternal Health Status on Calf Disease Prevalences and Respective Genetic Parameter Estimates in German Holstein Cattle.Journal of animal breeding and genetics = Zeitschrift fur Tierzuchtung und Zuchtungsbiologie · 2025Article
- Genetic, natal and spatial drivers of social phenotypes in wild great tits.The Journal of animal ecology · 2025Article
- Choose your mother wisely: the familial resemblance of bone adaptation.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025Article
- Ontogeny shapes individual dietary specialization in female European brown bears (Ursus arctos).Nature communications · 2024Article
- Family resemblance in color-patch size is not affected by stress experience in a cichlid fish.Ecology and evolution · 2024Article
- Vocal convergence and social proximity shape the calls of the most basal Passeriformes, New Zealand Wrens.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Perspective: the evolution of hormones and person perception-a quantitative genetic framework.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Repeatability and heritability of inhibitory control performance in wild toutouwai (Royal Society open science · 2023Article
- A generalised approach to the study and understanding of adaptive evolution.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2023Article
- Position of Hungarian Merino among other Merinos, within-breed genetic similarity network and markers associated with daily weight gain.Animal bioscience · 2023Article
- Susceptibility to a sexually transmitted disease in a wild koala population shows heritable genetic variance but no inbreeding depression.Molecular ecology · 2022Article
- Social animal models for quantifying plasticity, assortment, and selection on interacting phenotypes.Journal of evolutionary biology · 2022Article
- Permutation tests for hypothesis testing with animal social network data: Problems and potential solutions.Methods in ecology and evolution · 2022Article
- Social competition as a driver of phenotype-environment correlations: implications for ecology and evolution.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2021Article
- Gut microbiome heritability is nearly universal but environmentally contingent.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2021Article
- Phenotypic Response to Light Versus Shade Associated with DNA Methylation Changes in Snapdragon Plants (Genes · 2021Article
- Different perspectives on non-genetic inheritance illustrate the versatile utility of the Price equation in evolutionary biology.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2020Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Non-genetic influences on phenotypic traits can affect our interpretation of genetic variance and the evolutionary potential of populations to respond to selection, with consequences for our ability to predict the outcomes of selection. Long-term population surveys and experiments have shown that quantitative genetic estimates are influenced by nongenetic effects, including shared environmental effects, epigenetic effects, and social interactions. Recent developments to the "animal model" of quantitative genetics can now allow us to calculate precise individual-based measures of non-genetic phenotypic variance. These models can be applied to a much broader range of contexts and data types than used previously, with the potential to greatly expand our understanding of nongenetic effects on evolutionary potential. Here, we provide the first practical guide for researchers interested in distinguishing between genetic and nongenetic causes of phenotypic variation in the animal model. The methods use matrices describing individual similarity in nongenetic effects, analogous to the additive genetic relatedness matrix. In a simulation of various phenotypic traits, accounting for environmental, epigenetic, or cultural resemblance between individuals reduced estimates of additive genetic variance, changing the interpretation of evolutionary potential. These variances were estimable for both direct and parental nongenetic variances. Our tutorial outlines an easy way to account for these effects in both wild and experimental populations. These models have the potential to add to our understanding of the effects of genetic and nongenetic effects on evolutionary potential. This should be of interest both to those studying heritability, and those who wish to understand nongenetic variance.
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