Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30311716›Full record

ReviewPediatric diabetes2019

Does obesity cause type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)? Or is it the opposite?

John I Malone, Barbara C Hansen

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Pediatric diabetes, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 207 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
207citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
10.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07120828 phase4completedstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

The Role of CYP8B1 Polymorphisms in Modulating the Biochemical Pathways Affected by SGLT2 Inhibitors in T2DM and Obesity

Ran2025Enrolled260Registered outcomes18Posted comparisons0ConditionsObese Diabetics, Obese Patients (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²), Type 2 DiabetesArmsDapagliflozin (DAPA), Empagliflozin (oral), Metfomin
PMID 27440829PMID 23897684PMID 26981941PMID 30067158PMID 31018107PMID 32855502PMID 34575958other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
NCT06268262 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Surgical-imaging Combined Research on Obesity

TypeobservationalSponsorThe Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityRan2023 to 2028Enrolled200ConditionsOverweight and Obesity
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

207 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 349 citations in OpenAlex.

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147 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

John I MaloneDepartment of Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Florida.ORCID 0000-0003-4947-1172
Barbara C HansenDepartment of Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Florida.
University of South Florida · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Obesity is believed to be a promoter of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Reports indicate that severe obesity in childhood and adolescence increases the risk of T2DM in youth and young adults. T2DM, which is commonly asymptomatic, frequently is not recognized until random blood glucose is measured. Screening blood glucose levels measured in obese individuals are more effective for identifying undiagnosed persons, than screening the general population and therefore introduces a selection bias for discovery. The following commentary will indicate why these observations do not indicate that obesity is the cause of T2DM. Also, it will be shown that the insulin resistance of T2DM occurs primarily in the muscles of lean individuals predisposed to diabetes before they become obese. This insulin resistance is not secondary to, but instead, is the cause of the excessive fat accumulation associated with T2DM. Moreover, this early muscle insulin resistance is the etiology of the hyperlipidemia and excess fat accumulation characteristic of T2DM.

Indexed as

Diabetes ComplicationsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Disease ProgressionDisease SusceptibilityGlucose IntoleranceHumansInsulin ResistanceInsulin-Secreting CellsObesityRisk Factorsdiabetesinsulin resistanceobese non-diabeticsobesity

Identifiers

PMID30311716
OpenAlexW2897735760

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.