Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30311373›Full record

ArticleHuman mutation2018

The clinical imperative for inclusivity: Race, ethnicity, and ancestry (REA) in genomics.

Alice B Popejoy, Deborah I Ritter, Kristy Crooks, Erin Currey, Stephanie M Fullerton, Lucia A Hindorff, Barbara Koenig, Erin M Ramos, Elena P Sorokin, Hannah Wand and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human mutation, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 105 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
105citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

105 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Geographical and Ethnic Heterogeneity in Genetic Dilated Cardiomyopathies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. The clinical utility of carrier screening.NPJ genomic medicine · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Sequencing and health data resource of children of African ancestry.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2026
    Article
  11. A scalable approach to resolving variants of uncertain significance.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
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45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Alice B PopejoyDepartment of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Standford, California.ORCID 0000-0003-4976-0628
Deborah I RitterDepartment of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
Kristy CrooksDepartment of Pathology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
Erin CurreyDivision of Genomics and Society, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), Bethesda, Maryland.
Stephanie M FullertonDepartment of Bioethics & Humanities, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Lucia A HindorffDivision of Genomics and Society, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), Bethesda, Maryland.
Barbara KoenigDepartment of Anthropology, History, and Social Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
Erin M RamosDivision of Genomics and Society, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), Bethesda, Maryland.
Elena P SorokinDepartment of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Standford, California.
Hannah WandDepartment of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Standford, California.
Mathew W WrightDepartment of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Standford, California.ORCID 0000-0002-2650-2426
James ZouDepartment of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Standford, California.
Christopher R GignouxDepartment of Medicine, Division of Bioinformatics and Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
Vence L BonhamSocial and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), Bethesda, Maryland.
Sharon E PlonDepartment of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
Carlos D BustamanteDepartment of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Standford, California.
Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) Ancestry and Diversity Working Group (ADWG)

Funding

Measuring Perceptions of Utility of Clinical Genome Sequencing: Instrument Testing and ValidationU01HG006485 · NHGRI · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI MCGUIRE, AMY L, PARSONS, DONALD W. · 2012 to 2021
$22.1M
The Future of PharmGKB Funding Under NHGRIU41HG009649 · NHGRI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BUSTAMANTE, CARLOS DANIEL · 2017 to 2020
$13.4M
The Clinical Genome Resource - Expert Curation and EHR IntegrationU41HG009650 · NHGRI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI BERG, JONATHAN S · 2017 to 2020
$13.3M
Examining the Equitable Integration of Genomics in Health Care and SocietyZIAHG200403 · NHGRI · NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI BONHAM, VENCE L · 2019 to 2025
$1.3M
NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG006485NHGRI NIH HHS U41 HG009649NHGRI NIH HHS U41 HG009650
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) Ancestry and Diversity Working Group highlights the need to develop guidance on race, ethnicity, and ancestry (REA) data collection and use in clinical genomics. We present quantitative and qualitative evidence to characterize: (1) acquisition of REA data via clinical laboratory requisition forms, and (2) information disparity across populations in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD) at clinically relevant sites ascertained from annotations in ClinVar. Our requisition form analysis showed substantial heterogeneity in clinical laboratory ascertainment of REA, as well as marked incongruity among terms used to define REA categories. There was also striking disparity across REA populations in the amount of information available about clinically relevant variants in gnomAD. European ancestral populations constituted the majority of observations (55.8%), allele counts (59.7%), and private alleles (56.1%) in gnomAD at 550 loci with "pathogenic" and "likely pathogenic" expert-reviewed variants in ClinVar. Our findings highlight the importance of implementing and supporting programs to increase diversity in genome sequencing and clinical genomics, as well as measuring uncertainty around population-level datasets that are used in variant interpretation. Finally, we suggest the need for a standardized REA data collection framework to be developed through partnerships and collaborations and adopted across clinical genomics.

Indexed as

AllelesEthnicityGenetic TestingGenetic VariationGenomicsHumansMutationProhibitinsProhibitinsancestryclinical genomicsdiversityethnicitypopulationsrace

Identifiers

PMID30311373
PMCPMC6188707

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.