ArticleFood & function2018
Suppressing glucose metabolism with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) reduces breast cancer cell growth in preclinical models.
Article in Food & function, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 162 citations in OpenAlex.
- Green Tea Consumption and Risk of Breast Cancer and Recurrence-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.Nutrients · 2018Pooled it
- Targeting the tumor microenvironment: a new strategy for natural products in breast cancer therapy.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2026Review
- Review
- Natural Products in Cancer Research: Mechanistic Advances, Translational Challenges, and the Emerging Role of Chilean Biodiversity.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Copper-EGCG nanoreactor orchestrates dual-metabolic assault and self-amplified cuproptosis for immunogenic prostate cancer therapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Therapy as a State-Generator: Dynamic Phenotypic Landscapes and Adaptive Stress Circuits in Chemotherapy Resistance of Breast Cancer.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Natural Products in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Current Challenges and Future Directions.MedComm · 2026Review
- Pyruvate kinase M2 in Alzheimer's disease: from dysregulation to therapeutic inhibition.Brain communications · 2026Review
- Flavonoid-Based Combination Therapies and Nano-Formulations: An Emerging Frontier in Breast Cancer Treatment.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Landscape of metabolic alterations and treatment strategies in breast cancer.Genes & diseases · 2025Review
- Anticancer Molecular Mechanisms of Epigallocatechin Gallate: An Updated Review on Clinical Trials.Food science & nutrition · 2025Review
- Cancer-specific Regulation of Metabolic and Epigenetic Pathways by Dietary Phytochemicals.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Review
- The evolving tumor-associated adipose tissue microenvironment in breast cancer: from cancer initiation to metastatic outgrowth.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- Metal-phenolic networks specifically eliminate hypoxic tumors by instigating oxidative and proteotoxic stresses.Bioactive materials · 2025Article
- Prodelphinidin B-2,3,3"-O-gallate via chemical oxidation of epigallocatechin-3-gallate shows high efficacy inhibiting triple-negative breast cancer cells.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Article
- A review of the current status of biological effects of plant-derived therapeutics in breast cancer.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Review
- Molecular Evidence of the Bio-activities of Traditional Home Medicine Ingredients.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of green tea extracts and polyphenols in female hormone-dependent cancers for benefit-risk evaluation.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Multi-omics reveals immune features in immune and non-immune cells, an IFN-γ/IFN-α-B2M positive feedback loop, and targeted metabolic therapy in multiple myeloma.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Numerous studies propose that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), an abundant polyphenol in green tea, has anti-cancer properties. However, its mechanism of action in breast cancer remains unclear. This study investigated the capacity of EGCG to suppress breast cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo, characterizing the underlying mechanisms, focusing on the effect of EGCG on glucose metabolism. EGCG reduced breast cancer 4T1 cell growth in a concentration- (10-320 μM) and time- (12-48 h) dependent manner. EGCG induced breast cancer apoptotic cell death at 24 h, as evidenced by annexin V/PI, caspase 3, caspase 8 and caspase 9 activation. Furthermore, EGCG affected the expression of 16 apoptosis-related genes, and promoted mitochondrial depolarization. EGCG induced autophagy concentration-dependently in 4T1 cells by modulating the levels of the autophagy-related proteins Beclin1, ATG5 and LC3B. Moreover, EGCG affected glucose, lactate and ATP levels. Mechanistically, EGCG significantly inhibited the activities and mRNA levels of the glycolytic enzymes hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase (PFK), and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and to a lesser extent the activity of pyruvate kinase (PK). In addition, EGCG decreased the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), critical players in regulating glycolysis. In vivo, EGCG reduced breast tumor weight in a dose-dependent manner, reduced glucose and lactic acid levels and reduced the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In conclusion, EGCG exerts an anti-tumor effect through the inhibition of key enzymes that participate in the glycolytic pathway and the suppression of glucose metabolism.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.