ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2019
Osteopontin mediates glioblastoma-associated macrophage infiltration and is a potential therapeutic target.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 280 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
280 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 396 citations in OpenAlex.
- The entanglement of extracellular matrix molecules and immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer: a systematic review of the literature.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Prognostic value of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in glioblastoma: a systematic review, meta-analysis and validation based on dataset.Bioengineered · 2021Pooled it
- A phase I/II study of nintedanib and capecitabine for refractory metastatic colorectal cancer.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2024Trial
- Molecular Engineering of Aptamers for Glioblastoma Therapy: From Simple Antagonists to AI-Driven Approaches, a Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- PSMB8: an immune-related prognostic marker for low-grade gliomas.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- A mechanosensitive gene signature associated with immune landscape and survival in glioma: a multi-cohort analysis.Neurological research and practice · 2026Article
- SPP1-positive macrophages drive trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Osteopontin mediates acquired resistance to hypoxia-inducing antiangiogenics and promotes anti-PD-L1 refractoriness in breast cancer models.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Osteopontin in the Central Nervous System: Roles in Development, Injury, Neurodegeneration, and Neuro-Oncology.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Preliminary study on the mechanism of OPN up-regulating PD-L1 to induce CD8 + T cell exhaustion in synovial sarcoma.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Complement C5a/C5aR1 pathway facilitates glioblastoma progression via fostering glioma stem cell-macrophage symbiosis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Integrative Multi-Omics Analysis Identifies anGenes · 2026Article
- IL-1β alleviates suppressive potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in macrophage M1 polarization via autophagy mediated degradation of SPP1.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Consensus statement on microglial and macrophage functions in gliomas.Acta neuropathologica · 2026Review
- Review
- The emerging role of aptamers in targeted cancer immunotherapy.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Review
- Enhancing gastric cancer immunotherapy: Insights from multi-omics analysis and innovations in photodynamic-chemotherapy nanoplatforms.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal dynamics of radioresistance: decoding macrophage-driven radioprotective niches through temporal-spatial reprogramming.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Research progress on the correlation between OPN and immune escape of gastric cancer.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Spatial Location of SPP1Cancer science · 2026Article
220 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Glioblastoma is highly enriched with macrophages, and osteopontin (OPN) expression levels correlate with glioma grade and the degree of macrophage infiltration; thus, we studied whether OPN plays a crucial role in immune modulation. Quantitative PCR, immunoblotting, and ELISA were used to determine OPN expression. Knockdown of OPN was achieved using complementary siRNA, shRNA, and CRISPR/Cas9 techniques, followed by a series of in vitro functional migration and immunological assays. OPN gene-deficient mice were used to examine the roles of non-tumor-derived OPN on survival of mice harboring intracranial gliomas. Patients with mesenchymal glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) show high OPN expression, a negative survival prognosticator. OPN is a potent chemokine for macrophages, and its blockade significantly impaired the ability of glioma cells to recruit macrophages. Integrin αvβ5 (ITGαvβ5) is highly expressed on glioblastoma-infiltrating macrophages and constitutes a major OPN receptor. OPN maintains the M2 macrophage gene signature and phenotype. Both tumor-derived and host-derived OPN were critical for glioma development. OPN deficiency in either innate immune or glioma cells resulted in a marked reduction in M2 macrophages and elevated T cell effector activity infiltrating the glioma. Furthermore, OPN deficiency in the glioma cells sensitized them to direct CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity. Systemic administration in mice of 4-1BB-OPN bispecific aptamers was efficacious, increasing median survival time by 68% (P < 0.05). OPN is thus an important chemokine for recruiting macrophages to glioblastoma, mediates crosstalk between tumor cells and the innate immune system, and has the potential to be exploited as a therapeutic target.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.