ArticleDiabetologia2018
Circulating prolactin concentrations and risk of type 2 diabetes in US women.
Article in Diabetologia, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- The relationship between low prolactin and type 2 diabetes.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2024Pooled it
- Prolactin in relation to gestational diabetes and metabolic risk in pregnancy and postpartum: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Prolactin in high-metabolic risk pregnancies: Associations with maternal obesity and metabolic health.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2026Observational
- Circulating imidazole propionate and coronary heart disease risk: interplay between histidine intake, fiber, and gut microbiome.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Association between Prolactinoma and Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Evidence from a Korean Nationwide Cohort.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- The Emerging Role of Prolactin as a Biomarker for Reproduction, Health, and Welfare in Wildlife Species: Elephants as a Model.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Plasma metabolomic signature of breastfeeding and risk of cardiometabolic diseases.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Patterns of extreme outlier gene expression suggest an edge of chaos effect in transcriptomic networks.Genome biology · 2025Article
- History of Breastfeeding in Relation to Circulating Inflammatory and Metabolic Biomarkers.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- Microbiome and metabolic disorder in prolactinoma: intrinsic gender differences and extrinsic therapy effects.Pituitary · 2025Article
- Scientific Progress in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Little by Little.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Mildly elevated serum prolactin level may be a protective factor for preventing thickening of the carotid intima-media in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Endocrine connections · 2025Article
- Could low prolactin levels after radiotherapy predict the onset of hypopituitarism?Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2024Review
- The homeo-FIT-prolactin hypothesis: the role of prolactin in metabolic homeostasis - association or causality?Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2024Review
- Prolactin: structure, receptors, and functions.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2024Review
- The beneficial and detrimental effects of prolactin hormone on metabolic syndrome: A double-edge sword.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Review
- What do we know about abnormally low prolactin levels in polycystic ovary syndrome? A narrative review.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2024Review
- Cardiometabolic effects of hypoprolactinemia.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2024Review
- Serum prolactin levels were positively related to metabolic indexes and disorders in male obese patients.Endocrine · 2024Article
- Long-term effects of Omicron BA.2 breakthrough infection on immunity-metabolism balance: a 6-month prospective study.Nature communications · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aims/hypothesisProlactin, a multifunctional hormone, is involved in regulating insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in experimental studies. However, whether circulating concentrations of prolactin are associated with risk of type 2 diabetes remains uncertain.
methodsWe analysed the prospective relationship between circulating prolactin concentrations and type 2 diabetes risk in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHSII with up to 22 years of follow-up. Total plasma prolactin was measured using immunoassay in 8615 women free of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease at baseline blood collection (NHS 1989-1990; NHSII 1996-1999) and a subset of 998 NHS women providing a second blood sample during 2000-2002. Baseline bioactive prolactin was measured in a subset of 2478 women using the Nb2 bioassay. HRs were estimated using Cox regression.
resultsA total of 699 incident type 2 diabetes cases were documented during 156,140 person-years of follow-up. Total plasma prolactin levels were inversely associated with type 2 diabetes risk; the multivariable HR comparing the highest with the lowest quartile was 0.73 (95% CI 0.55, 0.95; p CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationA normally high circulating total prolactin concentration was associated with a lower type 2 diabetes risk within 9-10 years of follow-up since blood draw in US women. Our findings are consistent with experimental evidence, suggesting that among healthy women, prolactin within the biologically normal range may play a protective role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.
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Registered trials
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