ArticleBMJ open quality2018
Systematic review and meta-analysis of community pharmacy error rates in the USA: 1993-2015.
Article in BMJ open quality, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Medication errors in community pharmacies: a systematic review of the international literature.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of Uncertainty-Aware AI Models on Pharmacists' Reaction Time and Decision-Making in a Web-Based Mock Medication Verification Task: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR medical informatics · 2025Trial
- Effects of AI Assistance Timing on Pharmacists' Trust in Automated Pill Recognition Technology: Within-Participants Experimental Study.JMIR human factors · 2026Article
- Medication errors and associated serious outcomes in COVID-19 antivirals: a real-world study based on FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database.Therapeutic advances in drug safety · 2026Article
- Developing a medication safety self-assessment tool for high-alert medications in community pharmacies.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2025Article
- Large language models in clinical psychiatry: Applications and optimization strategies.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- Engaging Community Pharmacies in Promoting Outpatient Medication Safety - Identifying and Prioritizing Research Needs by Modified Nominal Group Technique.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2025Article
- Trends in dispensing errors reported in Finnish community pharmacies in 2015-2020: a national retrospective register-based study.BMC primary care · 2024Article
- Designing Human-Centered AI to Prevent Medication Dispensing Errors: Focus Group Study With Pharmacists.JMIR formative research · 2023Article
- Evaluation of patient safety culture in community pharmacies.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2023Article
- Medication errors in community pharmacies: Evaluation of a standardized safety program.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2023Article
- Analysis of Medication Errors Reported by Community Pharmacists in the Republic of Korea: A Cross-Sectional Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Detection and Prevention of Medication Errors by the Network of Sentinel Pharmacies in a Southern European Region.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Clozapine Toxicity in Two Young Siblings Due to a Pharmacy Dispensing Error: a Pediatric Case Report.Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology · 2022Article
- A nationwide assessment of community pharmacists' attitudes towards dispensing errors: A cross-sectional study.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2022Article
- Prescription and dispensing guidelines in Lebanon: initiative of the Order of Pharmacists of Lebanon.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2020Article
- Drugs associated with quality-related events reported by community pharmacies in Nova Scotia, Canada.BMJ open quality · 2020Article
- Mathematical Models as Tools to Predict the Release Kinetic of Fluorescein from Lyotropic Colloidal Liquid Crystals.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Article
- Dispensing errors in Lebanese community pharmacies: incidence, types, underlying causes, and associated factors.Pharmacy practiceArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
importanceWhile much is known about hospital pharmacy error rates in the USA, comparatively little is known about community pharmacy dispensing error rates.
objectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the rate of community pharmacy dispensing errors in the USA.
methodsEnglish language, peer-reviewed observational and interventional studies that reported community pharmacy dispensing error rates in the USA from January 1993 to December 2015 were identified in 10 bibliographic databases and topic-relevant grey literature. Studies with a denominator reflecting the total number of prescriptions in the sample were necessary for inclusion in the meta-analysis. A random effects meta-analysis was conducted to estimate an aggregate community pharmacy dispensing error rate. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I
resultsThe search yielded a total of 8490 records, of which 11 articles were included in the systematic review. Two articles did not have adequate data components to be included in the meta-analysis. Dispensing error rates ranged from 0.00003% (43/1 420 091) to 55% (55/100). The meta-analysis included 1 461 128 prescriptions. The overall community pharmacy dispensing error rate was estimated to be 0.015 (95% CI 0.014 to 0.018); however, significant heterogeneity was observed across studies (I CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: There are few published articles that describe community pharmacy dispensing error rates in the USA. Thus, there is limited information about the current rate of community pharmacy dispensing errors. A robust investigation is needed to assess dispensing error rates in the USA to assess the nature and magnitude of the problem and establish prevention strategies.
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