ReviewHeliyon2018
Xanthine scaffold: scope and potential in drug development.
Review in Heliyon, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed.
- Theoretical Analysis of Electronic, Vibrational Properties, and Noncovalent Interactions in Methylxanthines: Monomers to Antiparallel Dimers.ACS omega · 2026Article
- One pot synthesis of N-7 alkylated xanthine derivatives and their exploration as antioxidant, antimicrobial and nematicidal agents.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Synthesis, characterization,RSC advances · 2026Article
- Theophylline Inhibits Capillary Degeneration in Early Diabetic Retinopathy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Potential of doxofylline in the treatment of chronic obstructive airway diseases (Review).Biomedical reports · 2025Review
- Anticancer Activity ofBiomolecules · 2025Article
- Prostaglandin Analogs and Eupatilin as Treatments for Nephronophthisis.Kidney international reports · 2025Article
- Studies on the synthesis, crystal structures, biological activities and molecular docking of novel natural methylxanthine derivatives containing piperazine moiety.Molecular diversity · 2025Article
- The psychostimulant drug, fenethylline (captagon): Health risks, addiction and the global impact of illicit trade.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2025Review
- Revealing the Crystal Structure of the Purine Base Xanthine with Three-Dimensional (3D) Electron Diffraction.Crystal growth & design · 2025Article
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- Article
- Pharmacokinetics and Quantitative Structure-Pharmacokinetics Relationship Study of Xanthine Derivatives with Antidepressant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Analgesic Activity in Rats.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Theophylline as a quorum sensing and biofilm inhibitor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Chromobacterium violaceum.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2024Article
- Design, synthesis, analgesic, antibacterial and docking studies of novel 8-piperazinylcaffeine carboxylate ionic liquids.RSC advances · 2024Article
- Application of nano- and micro-particle-based approaches for selected bronchodilators in management of asthma.3 Biotech · 2024Review
- Neurological Side Effects of TNF-α Inhibitors Revisited: A Review of Case Reports.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Design, synthesis, anticancer andRSC advances · 2024Article
- Article
- Migraine signaling pathways: purine metabolites that regulate migraine and predispose migraineurs to headache.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been the basis for discovery of various important marketed drugs. Xanthine is one such lead molecule. Xanthines in various forms (caffeine, theophylline, theobromine, etc) are abode in tea, coffee, cocoa, chocolate etc. giving them popular recognition. These compounds are best known for their diverse pharmaceutical applications as cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibition, antagonization of adenosine receptor, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and anti-tumor activities. These properties incentivize to use xanthine as scaffold to develop new derivatives. Chemical synthesis contributes greater diversity in xanthine based derivatisation. With highlighting the existing challenges in chemical synthesis, the present review focuses the probable solution to fill existing lacuna. The review summarizes the available knowledge of xanthine based drugs development along with exploring new xanthine led chemical synthesis path for bringing diversification in xanthine based research. The main objective of this review is to explore the immense potential of xanthine as scaffold in drug development.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.