ArticleNPJ Parkinson's disease2018
Ingestion of subthreshold doses of environmental toxins induces ascending Parkinsonism in the rat.
Article in NPJ Parkinson's disease, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Enteric Nervous System Damage by Food Contaminants: A Pathway to Neurodegeneration?Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2026Pooled it
- Experimental models of gut-first Parkinson's disease: A systematic review.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2023Pooled it
- A novel rat model of body first subtype of Parkinson's disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Peripheral immunochemical considerations in Parkinson disease: sources, targets and crosstalk mechanisms.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- The Brain-Gut Axis in Parkinson's Disease Pathology.Comprehensive Physiology · 2026Review
- Central control of gastrointestinal functions in health and disease.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- Paw Preference in Rats Across Tests, Strains, Sex, and Age: A PRISMA-Compliant Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Diet, gut microbiome, and cognition in neurodegeneration: a review and methodological framework.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- α-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease: From Bench to Bedside.Medicinal research reviews · 2025Review
- DeepLabCut to Automate Behavioral Analysis of Parkinsonism.AI in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Factors derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth stem cells reverse neurological deficits in a zebrafish model of Parkinson's disease.Journal of dental sciences · 2024Article
- Gut-Brain Axis in Focus: Polyphenols, Microbiota, and Their Influence on α-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Gastrointestinal dysmotility in rodent models of Parkinson's disease.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2024Review
- Article
- Relationship among Parkinson's disease, constipation, microbes, and microbiological therapy.World journal of gastroenterology · 2024Review
- Genetic susceptibility modifies the association of long-term air pollution exposure on Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2024Article
- Traffic-related air pollution and Parkinson's disease in central California.Environmental research · 2024Article
- Towards improved screening of toxins for Parkinson's risk.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2023Review
- The substantia nigra modulates proximal colon tone and motility in a vagally-dependent manner in the rat.The Journal of physiology · 2023Article
- Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Neurological and Neurodegenerative Disorders.Seminars in neurology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that environmental neurotoxicants or misfolded α-synuclein generated by such neurotoxicants are transported from the gastrointestinal tract to the central nervous system via the vagus nerve, triggering degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and causing Parkinson's disease (PD). We tested the hypothesis that gastric co-administration of subthreshold doses of lectins and paraquat can recreate the pathology and behavioral manifestations of PD in rats. A solution containing paraquat + lectin was administered daily for 7 days via gastric gavage, followed by testing for Parkinsonian behavior and gastric dysmotility. At the end of the experiment, brainstem and midbrain tissues were analyzed for the presence of misfolded α-synuclein and neuronal loss in the SNpc and in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV). Misfolded α-synuclein was found in DMV and SNpc neurons. A significant decrease in tyrosine hydroxylase positive dopaminergic neurons was noted in the SNpc, conversely there was no apparent loss of cholinergic neurons of the DMV. Nigrovagally-evoked gastric motility was impaired in treated rats prior to the onset of parkinsonism, the motor deficits of which were improved by l-dopa treatment. Vagotomy prevented the development of parkinsonian symptoms and constrained the appearance of misfolded α-synuclein to myenteric neurons. These data demonstrate that co-administration of subthreshold doses of paraquat and lectin induces progressive, l-dopa-responsive parkinsonism that is preceded by gastric dysmotility. This novel preclinical model of environmentally triggered PD provides functional support for Braak's staging hypothesis of idiopathic PD.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.