ArticleBMJ case reports2018
Severe pneumonitis refractory to steroids following anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.
Article in BMJ case reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Corticosteroid-resistant immune-related adverse events: a systematic review.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Pooled it
- Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) 2020 clinical practice recommendations for the management of immune-related adverse events: pulmonary toxicity.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2020Guideline
- Article
- Immune-related adverse events in small-cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a comprehensive analysis from the FDA adverse event reporting system.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Combined radiation- and immune checkpoint-inhibitor-induced pneumonitis - The challenge to predict and detect overlapping immune-related adverse effects from evolving laboratory biomarkers and clinical imaging.Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- Immune-related pulmonary toxicities of checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer: Diagnosis, mechanism, and treatment strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- [Immune-related pneumonitis: A differential diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia].Revue des maladies respiratoires · 2022Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related interstitial lung disease in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: systematic review of characteristics, incidence, risk factors, and management.Journal of thoracic disease · 2022Review
- Nintedanib in an elderly non-small-cell lung cancer patient with severe steroid-refractory checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis: A case report and literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Development and Validation of a Radiomics Nomogram Using Computed Tomography for Differentiating Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Pneumonitis From Radiation Pneumonitis for Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- The role of kidney biopsy in immune checkpoint inhibitor nephrotoxicity.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- Early presentation of pembrolizumab-associated pneumonitis.BMJ case reports · 2021Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Pneumonitis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Current Understanding in Characteristics, Diagnosis, and Management.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Steroid-refractory PD-(L)1 pneumonitis: incidence, clinical features, treatment, and outcomes.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Article
- Crossed Pathways for Radiation-Induced and Immunotherapy-Related Lung Injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Management of pembrolizumab-induced steroid refractory mucositis with infliximab: A case report.World journal of clinical cases · 2020Article
- The mechanism and risk factors for immune checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis in non-small cell lung cancer patients.Cancer biology & medicine · 2020Review
- Immune-related (IR)-pneumonitis during the COVID-19 pandemic: multidisciplinary recommendations for diagnosis and management.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitors enhance the antitumour activity of the immune system and have produced durable tumour responses in several solid tumours including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, PD-1 inhibitors can lead to immune-related adverse events , including pneumonitis, which is typically mild, but can be severe and potentially fatal. Pneumonitis often resolves with steroids, but some cases are steroid refractory, leading to a relapsing and remitting course in milder cases or the need for salvage therapies in more severe cases. Here, we present two patients with NSCLC who developed severe pneumonitis following therapy with nivolumab and pembrolizumab. While one patient improved with steroids and infliximab, the other patient failed to respond to steroids and subsequently died. These cases demonstrate the highly variable presentation and therapeutic responses seen in patients with pneumonitis following anti-PD-1 therapy and illustrate that severe cases can often present refractory to steroid therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.