ArticlePsychiatry investigation2018
Spatial Learning and Memory Using a Radial Arm Maze with a Head-Mounted Display.
Article in Psychiatry investigation, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
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- The effect of virtual reality modality level of immersion and locomotion on Spatial learning and gaze measures.Virtual reality · 2026Article
- A Systematic Review of Preclinical Studies Investigating the Effects of Pharmacological Agents on Learning and Memory in Prolonged Aluminum-Exposure-Induced Neurotoxicity.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Low-dose proton induced genetic alteration in cingulate cortex and declined its relevant cognitive function in behaviors.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2025Article
- Therapeutic Efficacy of Boric Acid Treatment on Brain Tissue and Cognitive Functions in Rats with Experimental Alzheimer's Disease.Drug design, development and therapy · 2023Article
- Application of Real and Virtual Radial Arm Maze Task in Human.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- Virtual reality-based monitoring test for MCI: A multicenter feasibility study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- The effects and mechanism of environmental enrichment on MK-801 induced cognitive impairment in rodents with schizophrenia.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Review
- The art gallery maze: a novel tool to assess human navigational abilities.Cognitive processing · 2021Article
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 analog improves neuronal and behavioral impairment and promotes neuroprotection in a rat model of aluminum-induced dementia.Physiological reports · 2021Article
- Translation-Focused Approaches to GPCR Drug Discovery for Cognitive Impairments Associated with Schizophrenia.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2020Review
- Pharmacophore-driven identification of N-methyl-D-receptor antagonists as potent neuroprotective agents validated usingBiology methods & protocols · 2020Article
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3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveA radial arm maze (RAM) is an essential tool for assessing spatial learning and memory. Although this tool is widely used to study deficits in spatial memory in animal models, it has several restrictions that prevent its adaptation to human research and training. Therefore, we developed a head-mounted-display RAM (HMD-RAM) program for humans and verified its validity by comparing it to the results obtained by previous RAM studies. We also compared the HMD and a flat monitor as experimental devices.
methodsForty participants were recruited for the current study (Study 1: 20 participants with the HMD device; Study 2: 20 participants with the flat monitor). They navigated a virtual room as a first-person viewer and used environmental landmarks to remember their spatial position and orientation. The main dependent measures were working memory error, reference memory error, detection time, travel distance, and participant's head movements. To validate the program, participants also conducted neuropsychological assessments and self-reported measures.
resultsThe results for HMD-RAM tasks were consistent with the results of previous research conducted on animals, and the HMD elicited a higher sense of presence, immersion, and simulator sickness than the flat monitor. According to post-experiment questions on navigation strategy, creating landmarks was important when people were discovering locations in their environment, and an HMD was beneficial for better navigation strategy.
conclusionThese results suggest that the HMD-RAM is valuable for estimating spatial learning and memory in humans and may be a useful tool for early diagnosis of deficits in spatial learning and memory, including amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.
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