ArticleNeuroImage2019
Automatic segmentation of the spinal cord and intramedullary multiple sclerosis lesions with convolutional neural networks.
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Article in NeuroImage, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 153 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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153citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
153 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Spinal cord imaging in multiple sclerosis: A vital component we can no longer overlook.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2026Pooled it
- First-in-human study of epidural spinal cord stimulation in individuals with spinal muscular atrophy.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- Activity-dependent spinal cord neuromodulation rapidly restores trunk and leg motor functions after complete paralysis.Nature medicine · 2022Trial
- Spinal cord imaging in multiple sclerosis: from diagnosis to disease progression.Journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Cervical Atrophy Following Complete Thoracic Spinal Cord Injury: Insights From a Multinational Cohort.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Preprocessing for Robust Spinal Cord Segmentation in Cervical Myelopathy.Journal of imaging · 2026Article
- Test-Retest Reliability of Sensorimotor Activity Measured With Spinal Cord fMRI.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- Early and Progressive Spinal Cord Atrophy in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026Article
- Upper Cervical Cord Area as a Biomarker of Conversion to Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- An MRI-based radiomics model for precision subtyping of hereditary spastic paraplegia: discriminating SPG4 from SPG5.Neuroradiology · 2026Article
- Charting Cervical Spinal Cord Morphometry Across the Lifespan.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Reply to: "comment on 'spinal cord metabolism in multiple sclerosis: a decade of missed opportunities and future directions".Spinal cord · 2026Article
- Segmentation of spinal rootlets across MRI contrasts with RootletSeg.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Generalizable spinal cord multiple sclerosis lesion segmentation across MRI contrasts, protocols, and centers.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2026Article
- Improved deep joint model with tuned improved LeNet for spinal cord segmentation and injury detection using CT images.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Multimodal investigation of neuropathic pain mechanisms in focal spinal lesions.Scandinavian journal of pain · 2026Article
- Deep Learning Framework for Automated MRI Planimetry in Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of biomedical imaging · 2026Article
- A comparative study of deep learning for cortical lesion MRI segmentation with explainability analysis in multiple sclerosis.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2026Article
- Motor tract lesion mapping from the brain to the lower spinal cord in people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: exploring the association between lesion severity and functional consequences by limb.Brain communications · 2026Article
- Building a library of acute traumatic spinal cord injury images across Canada: a retrospective cohort study protocol.BMJ open · 2025Article
93 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
52 authors.
Charley GrosNeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Benjamin De LeenerNeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Atef BadjiNeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Josefina MaranzanoMcConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Canada.
Dominique EdenNeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Sara M DupontNeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Jason TalbottDepartment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Ren ZhuoquiongDepartment of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, PR China.
Yaou LiuDepartment of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, PR China; Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, PR China.
Tobias GranbergDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
Russell OuelletteDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
Yasuhiko TachibanaNational Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Chiba, Japan.
Masaaki HoriJuntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Kouhei KamiyaJuntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Lydia ChougarJuntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Hospital Cochin, Paris, France.
Leszek StawiarzDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Jan HillertDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Elise BannierCHU Rennes, Radiology Department, France; Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, Inserm, IRISA UMR, 6074, Visages U1128, France.
Anne KerbratUniv Rennes, Inria, CNRS, Inserm, IRISA UMR, 6074, Visages U1128, France; CHU Rennes, Neurology Department, France.
Gilles EdanUniv Rennes, Inria, CNRS, Inserm, IRISA UMR, 6074, Visages U1128, France; CHU Rennes, Neurology Department, France.
Pierre LabaugeMS Unit, DPT of Neurology, University Hospital of Montpellier, France.
Virginie CallotAix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France; APHM, CHU Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France.
Jean PelletierAPHM, CHU Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France; APHM, Department of Neurology, CHU Timone, APHM, Marseille, France.
Bertrand AudoinAPHM, CHU Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France; APHM, Department of Neurology, CHU Timone, APHM, Marseille, France.
Henitsoa RasoanandrianinaAix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France; APHM, CHU Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France.
Jean-Christophe BrissetObservatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (OFSEP), Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, CREATIS-LRMN, UMR 5220 CNRS & U 1044 INSERM, Lyon, France.
Paola ValsasinaNeuroimaging Research Unit, INSPE, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Maria A RoccaNeuroimaging Research Unit, INSPE, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Massimo FilippiNeuroimaging Research Unit, INSPE, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Rohit BakshiBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Shahamat TauhidBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Ferran PradosQueen Square MS Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK; Center for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Marios YiannakasQueen Square MS Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
Hugh KearneyQueen Square MS Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
Olga CiccarelliQueen Square MS Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
Seth SmithVanderbilt University, Tennessee, USA.
Constantina Andrada TreabaMartinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
Caterina MaineroMartinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
Jennifer LefeuvreNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Maryland, USA.
Daniel S ReichNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Maryland, USA.
Govind NairNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Maryland, USA.
Vincent AuclairBiospective Inc., Montreal, QC, Canada.
Donald G McLarenBiospective Inc., Montreal, QC, Canada.
Allan R MartinDivision of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Michael G FehlingsDivision of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Shahabeddin VahdatNeurology Department, Stanford University, USA; Functional Neuroimaging Unit, CRIUGM, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Ali KhatibiMcConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Canada; Functional Neuroimaging Unit, CRIUGM, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Julien DoyonMcConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Canada; Functional Neuroimaging Unit, CRIUGM, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Timothy ShepherdNYU Langone Medical Center, New York, USA.
Erik CharlsonNYU Langone Medical Center, New York, USA.
Sridar NarayananMcConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Canada.
Julien Cohen-AdadNeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Functional Neuroimaging Unit, CRIUGM, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. Electronic address: https://skype.com/jcohenadad.
Funding
Multimodal MRI in Multiple SclerosisZIANS003119 · NINDS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE · PI REICH, DANIEL · 2010 to 2025
$53.4MStructural and Functional MRI of the Cervical Spinal Cord in Multiple SclerosisR01NS109114 · NINDS · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI SMITH, SETH A · 2018 to 2022
$1.7MMicrostructural Characterization of the Optic Nerve in Optic NeuritisR01EY023240 · NEI · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI SMITH, SETH A · 2014 to 2017
$1.0MIn Vivo Macromolecular and Protein-Based MRI in the Spinal Cord of MS PatientsR21NS087465 · NINDS · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI SMITH, SETH A · 2014 to 2015
$431kIntramural NIH HHS ZIA NS003119NEI NIH HHS R01 EY023240NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS109114NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS087465
Abstract
The spinal cord is frequently affected by atrophy and/or lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Segmentation of the spinal cord and lesions from MRI data provides measures of damage, which are key criteria for the diagnosis, prognosis, and longitudinal monitoring in MS. Automating this operation eliminates inter-rater variability and increases the efficiency of large-throughput analysis pipelines. Robust and reliable segmentation across multi-site spinal cord data is challenging because of the large variability related to acquisition parameters and image artifacts. In particular, a precise delineation of lesions is hindered by a broad heterogeneity of lesion contrast, size, location, and shape. The goal of this study was to develop a fully-automatic framework - robust to variability in both image parameters and clinical condition - for segmentation of the spinal cord and intramedullary MS lesions from conventional MRI data of MS and non-MS cases. Scans of 1042 subjects (459 healthy controls, 471 MS patients, and 112 with other spinal pathologies) were included in this multi-site study (n = 30). Data spanned three contrasts (T
Indexed as
Neural Networks, ComputerHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingMultiple SclerosisObserver VariationPattern Recognition, AutomatedReproducibility of ResultsSensitivity and SpecificitySpinal CordConvolutional neural networksMRIMultiple sclerosisSegmentationSpinal cord
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.