ArticlePLoS biology2018
Gene expression in response to optical defocus of opposite signs reveals bidirectional mechanism of visually guided eye growth.
Article in PLoS biology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bioelectronic interfaces for restoring vision pathways.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Cross-tissue dual-omics analysis reveals molecular programs linked to myopia susceptibility and progression.Life science alliance · 2026Article
- Sustained Plus Lens Defocus Alters Retinal Responses and Ciliary Muscle Morphology In Myopes and Near-emmetropes.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Endoplasmic reticulum stress-based ATF6 signaling pathway: evaluation of 4-PBA improving retinal state in myopic guinea pigs.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Exploration of visual perception metrics as indicators for myopia screening.Lasers in medical science · 2025Article
- Article
- Extracellular Matrix Stiffness Modulates Myopia Scleral Remodeling Through Integrin/F-Actin/YAP Axis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Differences in perceived chromatic aberration between emmetropic and myopic eyes using adaptive optics.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Impact of Genetic and Environmental Factors on Peripheral Refraction.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Inner Retinal Microvasculature With Refraction in Juvenile Rhesus Monkeys.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Early Alterations in Inner-Retina Neural and Glial Saturated Responses in Lens-Induced Myopia.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Choroidal Morphology and Photoreceptor Activity Are Related and Affected by Myopia Development.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Diurnal retinal and choroidal gene expression patterns support a role for circadian biology in myopia pathogenesis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Meta-analysis of retinal transcriptome profiling studies in animal models of myopia.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Diurnal gene expression patterns in retina and choroid distinguish myopia progression from myopia onset.PloS one · 2024Article
- Update on central factors in myopia development beyond intraocular mechanisms.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Review
- Integrative Transcriptome and Proteome Analyses Elucidate the Mechanism of Lens-Induced Myopia in Mice.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Loss of flrt2 gene leads to microphthalmia in zebrafish.Biology open · 2023Article
- Differences in visual stimulation between reading and walking and implications for myopia development.Journal of vision · 2023Article
- Axial Shortening in Myopic Children after Repeated Low-Level Red-Light Therapy: Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Trial.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Myopia (nearsightedness) is the most common eye disorder, which is rapidly becoming one of the leading causes of vision loss in several parts of the world because of a recent sharp increase in prevalence. Nearwork, which produces hyperopic optical defocus on the retina, has been implicated as one of the environmental risk factors causing myopia in humans. Experimental studies have shown that hyperopic defocus imposed by negative power lenses placed in front of the eye accelerates eye growth and causes myopia, whereas myopic defocus imposed by positive lenses slows eye growth and produces a compensatory hyperopic shift in refractive state. The balance between these two optical signals is thought to regulate refractive eye development; however, the ability of the retina to recognize the sign of optical defocus and the composition of molecular signaling pathways guiding emmetropization are the subjects of intense investigation and debate. We found that the retina can readily distinguish between imposed myopic and hyperopic defocus, and identified key signaling pathways underlying retinal response to the defocus of different signs. Comparison of retinal transcriptomes in common marmosets exposed to either myopic or hyperopic defocus for 10 days or 5 weeks revealed that the primate retina responds to defocus of different signs by activation or suppression of largely distinct pathways. We also found that 29 genes differentially expressed in the marmoset retina in response to imposed defocus are localized within human myopia quantitative trait loci (QTLs), suggesting functional overlap between genes differentially expressed in the marmoset retina upon exposure to optical defocus and genes causing myopia in humans. These findings identify retinal pathways involved in the development of myopia, as well as potential new strategies for its treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.