ReviewAmerican journal of hypertension2018
Sex Differences in Hypertension: Where We Have Been and Where We Are Going.
Review in American journal of hypertension, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 128 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
128 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Trend, burden and determinants of undiagnosed hypertension in the Horn of Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Blood pressure and Alzheimer's disease: A review of meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Clinical practice guideline of the Interamerican Society of Cardiology on primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in women.Archivos de cardiologia de Mexico · 2022Guideline
- Hypertension is associated with increased mortality and severity of disease in COVID-19 pneumonia: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAASPooled it
- Cardiovascular and glucose-lowering medication use among older adults: results from 9-year follow-up of the FINGER trial.European geriatric medicine · 2026Trial
- Chronic disease burden among Latino farmworkers in California.Frontiers in public health · 2022Trial
- Whole-body and intracellular arginine metabolism in hypertension: role of disease severity and sex.American journal of hypertension · 2026Observational
- Hypertensive heart disease attributable to high BMI: global trends, gender disparities, and SDI-based inequalities (1990-2021).Journal of human hypertension · 2026Article
- Sex-specific relation of replacing sedentary time with physical activity on stage 2 hypertension incidence in middle-aged adults.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Changing patterns of the burden for atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter attributable to high systolic blood pressure in China from 1990 to 2021.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- The association of VEGF-A associated gene polymorphisms with obesity and markers of metabolic syndrome in a black South African population.BMC research notes · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular health metrics among an Iranian population: insights from life's essential 8.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Article
- Prescription Trends of Initial Antihypertensive Medications Among Presumed Treatment-Naïve Individuals in Korea: A Retrospective Analysis.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Article
- Explainable machine learning for hypertension prevalence classification: a cross-sectional study in Hainan Province, China.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Chronic kidney disease and cardiac remodeling potentiate cognitive impairment progression: disentangling the sex-specific cross talk of kidney-heart-brain axis.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2026Article
- Mapping the Burden of Hypertension in Türkiye (2008-2022): A National Cross-Sectional Study of Nearly 100000 Adults.International journal of hypertension · 2026Article
- Exploring sex differences and associated risk factors of hypertension among the Bhil tribe of rajasthan, India.BMC public health · 2025Article
- CircCdh7 induces astrogliosis and neuroinflammation to trigger hypertensive effects in the rostral ventrolateral medulla.Cell & bioscience · 2025Article
68 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
While it has been known since the 1940s that men have greater increases in blood pressure (BP) compared with women, there have been intense efforts more recently to increase awareness that women are also at risk for developing hypertension and that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death among both men and women in the United States. With the release of the 2017 Hypertension Clinical Guidelines, 46% of adults in the United States are now classified as hypertensive, and hypertension is the primary modifiable risk factor for the development of CVD. This increase in the prevalence of hypertension is reflected in an increase in prevalence among both men and women across all demographics, although there were greater increases in the prevalence of hypertension among men compared with women. As a result, the well-established gender difference in the prevalence of hypertension is even more pronounced and now extends into the sixth decade of life. The goals of this review are to (i) review the historical clinical trial data and hypertension guidelines from the perspective of both genders and then (ii) review the role of the renin-angiotensin system and T-cell activation in contributing to sex differences in BP control.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.