ReviewThe journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease2018
Female Sex and Alzheimer's Risk: The Menopause Connection.
Review in The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 153 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
153 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Neuroimaging studies of acupuncture on Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2023Pooled it
- Rationale for a Multi-Factorial Approach for the Reversal of Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Disease and MCI: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Behavior Change Techniques in Digital Health Interventions for Midlife Women: Systematic Review.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2022Pooled it
- Use of Hormone Therapy in Postmenopausal Women with Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.Drugs & aging · 2021Pooled it
- The Efficacy of Ketogenic Therapies in the Clinical Management of People with Neurodegenerative Disease: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Pooled it
- The Effects of Lifestyle Interventions on the Health-Promoting Behavior, Type D Personality, Cognitive Function and Body Composition of Low-Income Middle-Aged Korean Women.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Trial
- Opposite molecular sex correlations in tauopathy paralleled by motor and cognitive efficacy of davunetide in women.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Exercise and Brain Health in Postmenopausal Women: A Review of Cognitive Benefits, Mechanisms, and Neurodegeneration Prevention.NeuroSci · 2026Review
- Menopausal insomnia as a modifiable node of dementia risk: Mechanistic insights and intervention strategies.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Role of Physical Activity in Protecting Against Dementia According to Menopausal Status.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- The mechanisms and strategies for Alzheimer's disease prevention: An update.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Soluble Fiber Intake Restores the Estrous Cycle and Sex Hormone Alterations in APP/PS1 Female Mice.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Exploring the relationship between Alzheimer's disease and colorectal/breast cancers using SEER database, Mendelian randomization, and transcriptomic data.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Sex differences in body mass index and waist circumference trajectories and dementia risk: the HUNT4 70+ study.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Comorbidity sequence, sex, and APOE-genotype forecast Alzheimer's disease diagnosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Effects of 12-week 24-form Tai Chi on cognitive function, cerebral perfusion, and vascular function in postmenopausal women with mild cognitive impairment: an exploratory randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Menopausal hormone therapy and risk of neuropsychiatric disease: a drug target Mendelian randomisation study.npj women's health · 2026Article
- Sex-Specific Prediction Models of Alzheimer's Disease: A Gene Expression Analysis.International journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- The APOE4-estrogen-microglia axis in perimenopausal cognitive changes: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Loss of ovarian hormones is detrimental in early disease stages of mouse models of Alzheimer's disease and multi-etiology dementia.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
93 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Along with advanced age and apolipoprotein E (APOE)-4 genotype, female sex is a major risk factor for developing late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Considering that AD pathology begins decades prior to clinical symptoms, the higher risk in women cannot simply be accounted for by their greater longevity as compared to men. Recent investigation into sex-specific pathophysiological mechanisms behind AD risk has implicated the menopause transition (MT), a midlife neuroendocrine transition state unique to females. Commonly characterized as ending in reproductive senescence, many symptoms of MT are neurological, including disruption of estrogen-regulated systems such as thermoregulation, sleep, and circadian rhythms, as well as depression and impairment in multiple cognitive domains. Preclinical studies have shown that, during MT, the estrogen network uncouples from the brain bioenergetic system. The resulting hypometabolic state could serve as the substrate for neurological dysfunction. Indeed, translational brain imaging studies demonstrate that 40-60 year-old perimenopausal and postmenopausal women exhibit an AD-endophenotype characterized by decreased metabolic activity and increased brain amyloid-beta deposition as compared to premenopausal women and to age-matched men. This review discusses the MT as a window of opportunity for therapeutic interventions to compensate for brain bioenergetic crisis and combat the subsequent increased risk for AD in women.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.