ArticleAnnals of the rheumatic diseases2018
Effect of in utero hydroxychloroquine exposure on the development of cutaneous neonatal lupus erythematosus.
Article in Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- The 2026 British Society for Rheumatology guideline for the management of children, young people and adults with systemic lupus erythematosus.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Guideline
- British Society for Rheumatology guideline on management of adult and juvenile onset Sjögren disease.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Guideline
- Hydroxychloroquine to Prevent Recurrent Congenital Heart Block in Fetuses of Anti-SSA/Ro-Positive Mothers.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2020Trial
- Children exposed to hydroxychloroquine in utero show no signs of retinal toxicity at age 5.Lupus science & medicine · 2026Article
- Evolution of therapy for autoimmune diseases in pregnancy: a retrospective study from 2000 to 2023.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Seizure phenotypes and short-term prognosis in neonatal lupus: a multicenter retrospective cohort in China.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Neonatal lupus erythematosus: an acquired autoimmune disease to be taken seriously.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Executive summary: British Society for Rheumatology guideline on management of adult and juvenile onset Sjögren disease.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- The impact of hormones in autoimmune cutaneous diseases.The Journal of dermatological treatment · 2024Review
- Modern Management of Pregnancy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: From Prenatal Counseling to Postpartum Support.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Pregnancy and the Autoimmune Patient.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2024Review
- [Research progress on the manifestations and prognosis of neonatal lupus erythematosus in various systems].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2024Review
- High-risk groups of neonatal lupus erythematosus in term infants: a birth cohort study.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- [Clinical characteristics of fetal cardiac disease in patients with anti-SSA antibody positive].Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · 2023Article
- Congenital Complete Heart Block Complicated by Atrial Flutter Diagnosis and Management.Journal of the Saudi Heart Association · 2023Article
- Neonatal lupus erythematosus - prevention is better than cure.Postepy dermatologii i alergologii · 2022Review
- The burden of the most common rheumatic disease in Colombia.BMC rheumatology · 2022Article
- [Current aspects of antirheumatic therapy in pregnancy planning, during pregnancy and breastfeeding].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2021Review
- An Overview of Neonatal Lupus with Anti-Ro Characteristics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Pregnancy Outcomes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Women: A single tertiary centre experience.Sultan Qaboos University medical journal · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveCutaneous neonatal lupus (cNL) occurs in possibly 5%-16% of anti-Ro±anti-La antibody-exposed infants. Data suggest in utero exposure to hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) may prevent cardiac NL. The aim was to assess whether in utero exposure to HCQ decreases the risk of cNL and/or delays onset.
methodsA multicentre case-control study was performed with 122 cNL cases and 434 controls born to women with a rheumatological disease who had documentation of maternal anti-Ro±anti-La antibodies at pregnancy and confirmation of medication use and the child's outcome. A secondary analysis was performed on 262 cNL cases, irrespective of maternal diagnosis, to determine if HCQ delayed time to cNL onset.
resultsTwenty (16%) cNL cases were exposed to HCQ compared with 146 (34%) controls (OR 0.4 (95% CI 0.2 to 0.6); p<0.01). Exposure to HCQ was associated with a reduced risk of cNL; exposure to anti-La antibody and female gender were associated with an increased risk of cNL. Exposure to HCQ remained significantly associated with a reduced cNL risk in the analyses limited to mothers with systemic lupus erythematosus and those who developed rash ≤1 month. When analysing all 262 cNL cases, HCQ-exposed infants were older (6.0 (95% CI 5.7 to 6.3) weeks) at cNL onset versus HCQ-non-exposed infants (4.4 (95% CI 3.9 to 5.0) weeks), but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.21).
conclusionExposure to HCQ was associated with a reduced risk of cNL. Among cNL cases, those exposed to HCQ tend to have later onset of rash. Both findings suggest a protective effect of HCQ on cNL.
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