Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30295912›Full record

Trial reportNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2019

Yoga as a Complementary Therapy for Smoking Cessation: Results From BreathEasy, a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Beth C Bock, Shira I Dunsiger, Rochelle K Rosen, Herpreet Thind, Ernestine Jennings, Joseph L Fava, Bruce M Becker, James Carmody, Bess H Marcus

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01809678 (Efficacy of Yoga as a Complementary Therapy for Smoking Cessation), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01809678 nacompletednot on this map

Efficacy of Yoga as a Complementary Therapy for Smoking Cessation

TypeinterventionalSponsorThe Miriam HospitalRan2012 to 2017Enrolled255ConditionsTobacco DependenceArmsSmoking Cessation, Yoga, Wellness
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Mindfulness for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Religious affiliations, religious practices, and health behaviors in US South Asians.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2025
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Exercise and Smoking Cessation.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2024
    Review
  10. Article
  11. [Alternative treatment strategies for atrial fibrillation : Benefits from yoga?]Herzschrittmachertherapie & Elektrophysiologie · 2023
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Beth C BockDepartment of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI.
Shira I DunsigerDepartment of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI.
Rochelle K RosenDepartment of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI.
Herpreet ThindDepartment of Public Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA.
Ernestine JenningsDepartment of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI.
Joseph L FavaCenters for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI.
Bruce M BeckerDepartment of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI.
James CarmodyDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA.
Bess H MarcusBrown School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI.
Brown University · USMiriam Hospital · USRhode Island Hospital · USUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical School · USUniversity of Massachusetts Lowell · US

Funding

Efficacy of Yoga as an Alternative Therapy for Smoking CessationR01AT006948 · NCCIH · MIRIAM HOSPITAL · PI BOCK, BETH C · 2012 to 2016
$2.9M
NCCIH NIH HHS R01 AT006948
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThere is evidence that Yoga may be helpful as an aid for smoking cessation. Yoga has been shown to reduce stress and negative mood and may aid weight control, all of which have proven to be barriers to quitting smoking. This study is the first rigorous, randomized clinical trial of Yoga as a complementary therapy for smokers attempting to quit.

methodsAdult smokers (N = 227; 55.5% women) were randomized to an 8-week program of cognitive-behavioral smoking cessation and either twice-weekly Iyengar Yoga or general Wellness classes (control). Assessments included cotinine-verified 7-day point prevalence abstinence at week 8, 3-month, and 6-month follow-ups.

resultsAt baseline, participants' mean age was 46.2 (SD = 12.0) years and smoking rate was 17.3 (SD = 7.6) cigarettes/day. Longitudinally adjusted models of abstinence outcomes demonstrated significant group effects favoring Yoga. Yoga participants had 37% greater odds of achieving abstinence than Wellness participants at the end of treatment (EOT). Lower baseline smoking rates (≤10 cigarettes/day) were also associated with higher likelihood of quitting if given Yoga versus Wellness (OR = 2.43, 95% CI = 1.09% to 6.30%) classes at EOT. A significant dose effect was observed for Yoga (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.09% to 1.26%), but not Wellness, such that each Yoga class attended increased quitting odds at EOT by 12%. Latent Class Modeling revealed a 4-class model of distinct quitting patterns among participants.

conclusionsYoga appears to increase the odds of successful smoking abstinence, particularly among light smokers. Additional work is needed to identify predictors of quitting patterns and inform adjustments to therapy needed to achieve cessation and prevent relapse. IMPLICATIONS: This study adds to our knowledge of the types of physical activity that aid smoking cessation. Yoga increases the odds of successful smoking abstinence, and does so in a dose-response manner. This study also revealed four distinct patterns of smoking behavior among participants relevant to quitting smoking. Additional work is needed to determine whether variables that are predictive of these quitting patterns can be identified, which might suggest modifications to therapy for those who are unable to quit.

Indexed as

Health BehaviorSmoking CessationYogaAdultComplementary TherapiesDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesTobacco Use DisorderTreatment Outcome

Identifiers

PMID30295912
PMCPMC6821291
OpenAlexW2895733120

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.