ArticleEuropean heart journal2019
Treatments targeting inotropy.
Article in European heart journal, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 98 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
98 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 220 citations in OpenAlex.
- SCAI/EAPCI/ACVC Expert Consensus Statement on Cardiogenic Shock in Women.EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2025Guideline
- Effect of levosimendan on ventricular remodelling in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction: a meta-analysis.ESC heart failure · 2024Pooled it
- The association of vasoactive-inotropic score and surgical patients' outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of levosimendan in patients with sepsis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Oxygen Delivery and Consumption in Patients Who Are Comatose After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Are Affected by Blood Pressure Target.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Trial
- Left ventricular systolic function after inhalation of beta-2 agonists in healthy athletes.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Acyl ghrelin improves cardiac function in heart failure and increases fractional shortening in cardiomyocytes without calcium mobilization.European heart journal · 2023Trial
- Safety and efficacy of istaroxime in patients with acute heart failure-related pre-cardiogenic shock - a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study (SEISMiC).European journal of heart failure · 2022Trial
- Dynamic Perioperative Risk Stratification of In-Hospital Mortality After Elective Isolated On-Pump CABG: A Single-Center Firth Penalized Logistic Regression Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Sarcomere dynamic instability and stochastic heterogeneity drive robust cardiomyocyte contraction.eLife · 2026Article
- RBM20 variants disrupt CaSignal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Levosimendan in Cardiogenic Shock: A Review of Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Therapeutic Use.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- MYOM1 deficiency leads to dilated cardiomyopathy by disrupting the homeostasis of sarcoplasmic reticulum.Redox biology · 2026Article
- Extracorporeal Cytokine Adsorption in Acute Cardiovascular Care: Pathophysiological Insights and Clinical Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Zhenwu Decoction Attenuates Water-Retention-Related Phenotypes and Multiorgan Injury in Rats With Doxorubicin-Induced Chronic Heart Failure.Cardiovascular therapeutics · 2026Article
- A Novel Approach to Assessing In-Hospital Mortality After On-Pump Aortic Valve Replacement.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Danicamtiv increases cardiac mechanical efficiency.The Journal of physiology · 2025Article
- Mechano-energetic uncoupling in heart failure.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2025Review
- Defining histamine H2 receptor antagonist response in critically ill patients with heart failure: a machine learning cluster analysis.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2025Article
- Myocardial mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein promotes heart Ischemia-reperfusion injury via RIG-I signaling in mice.Nature communications · 2025Article
38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
39 authors at 20 institutions in 16 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Acute heart failure (HF) and in particular, cardiogenic shock are associated with high morbidity and mortality. A therapeutic dilemma is that the use of positive inotropic agents, such as catecholamines or phosphodiesterase-inhibitors, is associated with increased mortality. Newer drugs, such as levosimendan or omecamtiv mecarbil, target sarcomeres to improve systolic function putatively without elevating intracellular Ca2+. Although meta-analyses of smaller trials suggested that levosimendan is associated with a better outcome than dobutamine, larger comparative trials failed to confirm this observation. For omecamtiv mecarbil, Phase II clinical trials suggest a favourable haemodynamic profile in patients with acute and chronic HF, and a Phase III morbidity/mortality trial in patients with chronic HF has recently begun. Here, we review the pathophysiological basis of systolic dysfunction in patients with HF and the mechanisms through which different inotropic agents improve cardiac function. Since adenosine triphosphate and reactive oxygen species production in mitochondria are intimately linked to the processes of excitation-contraction coupling, we also discuss the impact of inotropic agents on mitochondrial bioenergetics and redox regulation. Therefore, this position paper should help identify novel targets for treatments that could not only safely improve systolic and diastolic function acutely, but potentially also myocardial structure and function over a longer-term.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.