Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30295214›Full record

ArticlePublic health nutrition2018

Trends in marketing foods to children in Slovenian magazines: a content analysis.

Živa Lavriša, Karmen Erjavec, Igor Pravst

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In one paragraph

Article in Public health nutrition, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Živa Lavriša1Nutrition Institute,Tržaška Cesta 40,1000Ljubljana,Slovenia.
Karmen Erjavec2Faculty of Economics and Informatics, University of Novo Mesto,Novo Mesto,Slovenia.
Igor Pravst1Nutrition Institute,Tržaška Cesta 40,1000Ljubljana,Slovenia.ORCID 0000-0001-8634-1778

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveFood marketing is an important factor influencing children's food preferences. In Slovenia the use of magazines is widespread among children. We investigated food advertising in children's and teens' magazines (CTM) in 2013 and 2017. The penetration of food advertising was compared with magazines targeting the adult population.

designA repeated cross-sectional study. Magazines were searched for branded food references (BFR). All BFR were categorised and evaluated using the WHO Europe nutrient profile model.

settingSlovenia. SUBJECTS: All issues of CTM and a selected sample of issues of adult-targeting magazines and newspapers published in Slovenia in 2013 and 2017.

resultsOne hundred and seventy-five issues of CTM (ninety-two in 2013, eighty-three in 2017) and 675 issues of adult-targeted magazines and newspapers were analysed (345 in 2013, 330 in 2017). In 2017, food advertising in CTM dropped notably but the opposite was found for adult-targeted magazines. Regular advertisements dominated in 2017 in CTM, while in 2013, 83 % of BFR types were games/puzzles, competitions and product placements. Chocolate and confectionery were the most advertised in CTM and food supplements in adults' magazines. Most foods in CTM were classed as 'not permitted' in both years (98 % in 2013 and 100 % in 2017).

conclusionsThe advertisements in CTM still mostly refer to unhealthy foods. The extent of food advertising has dropped considerably since 2013. On the contrary, food advertising in printed media targeting adults has increased, chiefly referring to food supplements and foods that do not pass the WHO Europe nutrient profile model criteria.

Indexed as

Food PreferencesMass MediaAdolescentChildCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleFood IndustryHumansMaleMarketingSloveniaFood advertisingFood marketingMagazinesNutrient profileSlovenia

Identifiers

PMID30295214
PMCPMC10260780

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.