Post-stroke mRNA expression profile of MMPs: effect of genetic deletion of MMP-12.

Background and purpose: Recent reports from our laboratory demonstrated the post-ischaemic expression profile of various matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in rats and the detrimental role of MMP-12 in post-stroke brain damage. We hypothesise that the post-stroke dysregulation of MMPs is similar across species and that genetic deletion of MMP-12 would not affect the post-stroke expression of other MMPs. We tested our hypothesis by determining the pre-ischaemic and post-ischaemic expression profile of MMPs in wild-type and MMP-12 knockout mice. Methods: Focal cerebral ischaemia was induced in wild-type and MMP-12 knockout mice by middle cerebral artery occlusion procedure by insertion of a monofilament suture. One hour after ischaemia, reperfusion was initiated by removing the monofilament. One day after reperfusion, ischaemic brain tissues from various groups of mice were collected, and total RNA was isolated and subjected to cDNA synthesis followed by PCR analysis. Results: Although the post-stroke expression profile of MMPs in the ischaemic brain of mice is different from rats, there is a clear species similarity in the expression of MMP-12, which was found to be predominantly upregulated in both species. Further, the post-stroke induction or inhibition of various MMPs in MMP-12 knockout mice is different from their respective expression profile in wild-type mice. Moreover, the brain mRNA expression profile of various MMPs in MMP-12 knockout mice under normal conditions is also different to their expression in wild-type mice. Conclusions: In the ischaemic brain, MMP-12 upregulates several fold higher than any other MMP. Mice derived with the genetic deletion of MMP-12 are constitutive and have altered MMP expression profile both under normal and ischaemic conditions.