ArticleBreast cancer research and treatment2019
Racial/ethnic differences in the outcomes of patients with metastatic breast cancer: contributions of demographic, socioeconomic, tumor and metastatic characteristics.
Article in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- The incidence of brain metastases among patients with metastatic breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neuro-oncology · 2021Pooled it
- The use of survivorship care plans by female racial and ethnic minority breast cancer survivors: a systematic review.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2020Pooled it
- Educational, Racial, and Geographic Inequalities in Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis among Brazilian Women.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Racial disparities and utilization trends of first-line targeted therapies for metastatic breast cancer.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2026Article
- Radiation treatment patterns for breast cancer brain metastases: an NCDB analysis.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2026Article
- Disparities in Disease Presentation and Treatment Initiation for De Novo Metastatic Breast Cancer.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Tumor biology and access to care and metastatic breast cancer outcomes.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Article
- Review
- Genetic Variants Associated with Breast Cancer Are Detected by Whole-Exome Sequencing in Vietnamese Patients.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Real-world effectiveness of palbociclib plus an aromatase inhibitor in HR+/HER2- MBC patients living in disadvantaged neighborhoods.NPJ breast cancer · 2025Article
- Survey of Health Care Providers on Social Determinants of Health and Treatment Decision-Making for Patients With HR+/HER2- Metastatic Breast Cancer.Oncology and therapy · 2025Article
- Assessing equity of care across metastatic breast cancer treatment junctures: a multi-site retrospective cohort study.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Potential role of CFLAR in enhancing 5-FU sensitivity and modulating immune cell infiltration in breast cancer.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Multilevel barriers and supportive care preferences of metastatic breast cancer patients and their caregivers: a mixed-methods analysis.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Article
- Development of prognostic models for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer in females: a retrospective population-based study.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Crosstalk between SUMOylation and other post-translational modifications in breast cancer.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2024Review
- Survival analysis of patients with brain metastases at initial breast cancer diagnosis over the last decade.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Article
- "If we don't speak the language, we aren't offered the same opportunities": Qualitative perspectives of palliative care access for women of color living with advanced breast cancer.SSM. Qualitative research in health · 2024Article
- Survival Analysis of Male Patients with Brain Metastases at Initial Breast Cancer Diagnosis over the Last Decade.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Latent pathway-based Bayesian models to identify intervenable factors of racial disparities in breast cancer stage at diagnosis.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposePopulation-based estimates of racial disparities in metastatic breast cancer are lacking. We quantified the contributions of demographic, socioeconomic, tumor, and metastatic characteristics to racial differences in metastatic breast cancer and characterized the most disproportional subgroup.
methodsPatients diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer between 2010 and 2014 were identified using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to adjust each set of variables. The excess relative risk of cancer-specific and all-cause death in non-Hispanic black (NHB) versus non-Hispanic white women diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer was expressed as a percentage and was stratified by the age at diagnosis.
resultsWe identified 13,066 female patients. NHB women exhibited substantially higher morbidity and mortality than women of other races/ethnicities. The greatest excess mortality risk for NHB women was observed in the young-onset group (18-49 years; hazard ratio: 1.57), followed by the middle-age group (50-64 years; hazard ratio: 1.42); the trend was not significant among the elderly group. Socioeconomic factors stably explained one-half of the excess risk, whereas the contribution of tumor characteristics obviously decreased with age (18-49 years, 40.7%; 50-64 years, 33.9%), and the metastatic pattern accounted for approximately one-tenth of the excess risk. Additionally, the disproportional death burden of NHB women persisted in less aggressive subgroups.
conclusionsBy providing a comprehensive assessment of racial differences in the incidence and outcomes of patients with metastatic breast cancer, we urge the implementation of targeted preventive efforts in both the public health and clinical arenas.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.