ArticleHuman pathology2019
Hydropic leiomyoma: a distinct variant of leiomyoma closely related to HMGA2 overexpression.
Article in Human pathology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Epithelioid leiomyosarcoma harboring HMGA2::RAD51B fusion: expanding the spectrum of RAD51B-rearranged uterine sarcoma.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Multinodular Hydropic Leiomyoma in a 41-Year-Old Patient: A Case Report.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- UTERINE FIBROIDS.Physiological reviews · 2025Review
- High mobility group protein 2 (HMGA2) is highly expressed in a broad range of benign and malignant tumors.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2025Article
- AMH and Kisspeptin Receptor Expression in Rare Hydropic Leiomyoma: A Case Study.The American journal of case reports · 2025Article
- Case Report: Giant hydropic leiomyoma of the uterus presenting as an aggressive abdominopelvic tumor.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Pseudo-Meigs syndrome caused by a rapidly enlarging hydropic leiomyoma with elevated CA125 levels mimicking ovarian malignancy: a case report and literature review.BMC women's health · 2024Review
- Hypoxia in uterine fibroids: role in pathobiology and therapeutic opportunities.Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Hydropic leiomyoma-like ovarian tumor: a case report.Fukushima journal of medical science · 2024Article
- Racial disparity in uterine leiomyoma: new insights of genetic and environmental burden in myometrial cells.Molecular human reproduction · 2024Review
- Molecular subclass of uterine fibroids predicts tumor shrinkage in response to ulipristal acetate.Human molecular genetics · 2023Article
- Organ Weights inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Histological and molecular analysis of cellular leiomyoma with sclerosis: linked to HMGA2 overexpression.Histopathology · 2022Article
- HMGA2: A Biomarker in Gynecologic Neoplasia.Journal of clinical and translational pathology · 2022Article
- Retroperitoneal Hydropic Leiomyoma Mimicking an Ovarian Cyst.Case reports in obstetrics and gynecology · 2022Article
- A Giant Leiomyoma with Massive Cystic Hydropic Degeneration Mimicking an Aggressive Neoplasm: A Challenging Case with a Literature Review.The American journal of case reports · 2021Article
- HMGA2-mediated tumorigenesis through angiogenesis in leiomyoma.Fertility and sterility · 2020Article
- Perinodular hydropic degeneration in uterine leiomyoma causing rapid enlargement and mimicking a myxoid smooth muscle tumor: Case report of a diagnostic challenge.Case reports in women's health · 2019Article
- Immunohistochemical and selected genetic reflex testing of all uterine leiomyosarcomas and STUMPs for ALK gene rearrangement may provide an effective screening tool in identifying uterine ALK-rearranged mesenchymal tumors.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Hydropic leiomyoma (HLM) is a variant of uterine leiomyoma with characteristic features of zonal distributions of edema, increased vascularity, and tumor cells arranged in nodules or cords. Diagnostic difficulty and patient management are further complicated by a lack of studies and unknown cause of the disease. To study this tumor's nature, 24 HLM cases were selected for analysis of cytohistologic features, immunohistochemical profile (HMGA2, FH, CD34, pAKT, p16, ER, SMA, and Ki-67), and molecular alterations of HMGA2 by fluorescence in situ hybridization and MED12 mutations. HLM showed large tumor size (average 14.4 cm) and unique histology, characterized by edematous areas of tumor cells with mostly round-oval nuclei, arranged in cords and/or with perinodular growth around vessels, and increased thick-walled vessels (average 17 vessels/10× medium-power field). Immunohistochemistry revealed that 76% (18/24) of HLMs had HMGA2 overexpression, 32% (6/19) of which harbored HMGA2 rearrangement detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Thick-walled vessels in HLM were composed of mostly HMGA2-positive tumor cells, and HLM with HMGA2 overexpression also showed CD34-positive tumor vessel-supporting pericytes. In contrast to usual-type leiomyoma with a high frequency of MED12 mutations, no MED12 mutations were found in any HLM. HLM showed increased pAKT activity, indicating a strong contribution of AKT pathway signaling in HLM promoting tumor growth. Our findings suggest that HLM is a distinct variant of uterine smooth muscle tumor likely driven by HMGA2 overexpression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.