ArticleActa psychiatrica Scandinavica2019
Clinical factors predicting treatment resistant depression: affirmative results from the European multicenter study.
Article in Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 140 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy for Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Depression and anxiety · 2026Pooled it
- Cost-effectiveness and threshold analysis of deep brain stimulation vs. treatment-as-usual for treatment-resistant depression.Translational psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Association between impaired glucose metabolism and long-term prognosis at the time of diagnosis of depression: Impaired glucose metabolism as a promising biomarker proposed through a machine-learning approach.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2023Pooled it
- Beneficial effects of Silexan on co-occurring depressive symptoms in patients with subthreshold anxiety and anxiety disorders: randomized, placebo-controlled trials revisited.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- Implementing Precision Psychiatry: A Systematic Review of Individualized Prediction Models for Clinical Practice.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2021Pooled it
- Crosswalk between HRSD and MADRS outcomes for rTMS in patients with depression.BMJ mental health · 2025Trial
- Antidepressant effects of prolonged intermittent theta-burst stimulation monotherapy at the bilateral dorsomedial prefrontal cortex for medication and standard transcranial magnetic stimulation-resistant major depression: a three arm, randomized, double blind, sham-controlled pilot study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2023Trial
- Effect of pimavanserin on anxious depression in patients with major depression and an inadequate response to previous therapy: secondary analysis of the clarity study.International clinical psychopharmacology · 2020Trial
- Examining the needs, outcomes and current treatment pathways of 2461 people with treatment-resistant depression: mixed-methods study.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2026Article
- Integrating trauma-informed principles into collaborative care for depression in primary care.Frontiers in health services · 2026Article
- Integrating clinical proxies and metabolic data identifies and distinguishes high-risk depression subtypes in a real-world first-hospitalization cohort.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Episode-wide Maudsley staging in treatment-resistant depression: a longitudinal tertiary-care comparison of dimensional and categorical outcomes.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Language-informed treatment recommendations in psychiatry: bridging the gap in individual predictability.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Role of Genetic and Epigenetic Biomarkers in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Literature Review.Genes · 2025Review
- Treatment resistant depression: Socio-demographic characteristics, comorbidity and treatment patterns from the All of Us Research Program.Journal of affective disorders · 2025Article
- Prediction of treatment-resistant depression using the 23andMe survey data.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Symptom networks in major depressive disorder and treatment response: special focus on TRD.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Article
- Let's Move Towards Precision Suicidology.Current psychiatry reports · 2025Review
- Perspectives in treatment-resistant depression: esketamine and electroconvulsive therapy.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2025Review
- Is there a risk of esketamine misuse in clinical practice?Therapeutic advances in drug safety · 2025Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 8 institutions in 9 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesClinical variables were investigated in the 'treatment resistant depression (TRD)- III' sample to replicate earlier findings by the European research consortium 'Group for the Study of Resistant Depression' (GSRD) and enable cross-sample prediction of treatment outcome in TRD. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES: TRD was defined by a Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score ≥22 after at least two antidepressive trials. Response was defined by a decline in MADRS score by ≥50% and below a threshold of 22. Logistic regression was applied to replicate predictors for TRD among 16 clinical variables in 916 patients. Elastic net regression was applied for prediction of treatment outcome.
resultsSymptom severity (odds ratio (OR) = 3.31), psychotic symptoms (OR = 2.52), suicidal risk (OR = 1.74), generalized anxiety disorder (OR = 1.68), inpatient status (OR = 1.65), higher number of antidepressants administered previously (OR = 1.23), and lifetime depressive episodes (OR = 1.15) as well as longer duration of the current episode (OR = 1.022) increased the risk of TRD. Prediction of TRD reached an accuracy of 0.86 in the independent validation set, TRD-I.
conclusionSymptom severity, suicidal risk, higher number of lifetime depressive episodes, and comorbid anxiety disorder were replicated as the most prominent risk factors for TRD. Significant predictors in TRD-III enabled robust prediction of treatment outcome in TRD-I.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.