ArticleJournal of neurovirology2019
White matter damage, neuroinflammation, and neuronal integrity in HAND.
Article in Journal of neurovirology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of Cannabis Use on Cognition in People with HIV: Evidence of Function-Dependent Effects and Mechanisms from Clinical and Preclinical Studies.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2024Pooled it
- Implications and prospects of immunological and neuroimaging research in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Study protocol for neuroimaging using 7 T MRI in the investigation of baricitinib for reduction of HIV in the CNS: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.BMC medical imaging · 2026Trial
- Review
- Article
- Elevated neurotransmitter levels in people with HIV are associated with attention function.Neurobiology of disease · 2026Article
- Exposure to Frontline Antiretroviral Dolutegravir Disrupts Oligodendrocyte Development Across Differentiation Stages.ASN neuro · 2026Article
- NF-κB-dependent and independent inflammatory responses during acute HIV-1 infection in a model of human microglia.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- From HIV to SARS-CoV-2 associated neurological disorder ("HAND" to "SAND"): Viral infection as a "time-bomb" for the aging brain.Neuroscience applied · 2026Review
- Cortical White and Grey Matter Volume Differences Associated with Plasma Cytokine and Chemokine Levels in PLWH in Cape Town.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Neural-genetic-environmental evidence for a disease factor in mental and physical health multimorbidity.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Targeting HIV myeloid and central nervous system reservoirs for HIV cure.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Nicotine and neurocognition in HIV: Translational challenges and therapeutic potential.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2025Review
- Article
- Exploring the potential role of microtubule associated proteins-2 in the pathogenesis of HIV associated neurocognitive disorders.Neurotoxicity research · 2025Review
- Neuroimaging advances in neurocognitive disorders among HIV-infected individuals.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- The Proviral Reservoirs of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The prefrontal cortex, but not the medial temporal lobe, is associated with episodic memory in middle-aged persons with HIV.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2024Article
- Attention-Enhanced Fusion of Structural and Functional MRI for Analyzing HIV-Associated Asymptomatic Neurocognitive Impairment.Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention : MICCAI ... International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention · 2024Article
- Article
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) persist even with virologic suppression on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), and the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are not well understood. We performed structural magnetic resonance imaging and MR spectroscopy (MRS) in HIV+ individuals without major neurocognitive comorbidities. Study participants were classified as neurocognitively unimpaired (NU), asymptomatic (ANI), mild neurocognitive disorder (MND), or HIV-associated dementia (HAD). Using structural MRI, we measured volumes of cortical and subcortical gray matter and total and abnormal white matter (aWM). Using single-voxel MRS, we estimated metabolites in frontal gray matter (FGM) and frontal white matter (FWM) and basal ganglia (BG) regions. Adjusted odds ratios were used to compare HAND to NU. Among 253 participants, 40% met HAND criteria (21% ANI, 15% MND, and 4% HAD). Higher risk of HAND was associated with more aWM. Both HAD and MND also had smaller gray and white matter volumes than NU. Among individuals with undetectable plasma HIV RNA, structural volumetric findings were similar to the overall sample. MND had lower FWM creatine and higher FGM choline relative to NU, whereas HAD and ANI had lower BG N-acetyl aspartate relative to NU. In the virologically suppressed subgroup, however, ANI and MND had higher FGM choline compared to NU. Overall, HAND showed specific alterations (more aWM and inflammation; less gray matter volume and lower NAA). Some MR measures differentiated less severe subtypes of HAND from HAD. These MR alterations may represent legacy effects or accumulating changes, possibly related to medical comorbidities, antiretroviral therapy, or chronic effects of HIV brain infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.