ReviewBiochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research2019
From APOBEC to ZAP: Diverse mechanisms used by cellular restriction factors to inhibit virus infections.
Review in Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- The IFIT2-IFIT3 antiviral complex targets short 5' untranslated regions on viral mRNAs for translation inhibition.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- Heterozygous and generalist MxA super-restrictors overcome breadth-specificity trade-offs in antiviral restriction.Science advances · 2025Article
- RNF149 modulates the type I IFN innate antiviral immune responses through degrading IRF3.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- APOBEC3-Related Editing and Non-Editing Determinants of HIV-1 and HTLV-1 Restriction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Short 5' UTRs serve as a marker for viral mRNA translation inhibition by the IFIT2-IFIT3 antiviral complex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Blood DNA virome associates with autoimmune diseases and COVID-19.Nature genetics · 2025Article
- Subgenomic flaviviral RNAs and human proteins:Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Seasonal human coronaviruses OC43, 229E, and NL63 induce cell surface modulation of entry receptors and display host cell-specific viral replication kinetics.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Review
- Innate immune responses reverse HIV cognitive disease in mice: Profile by RNAseq in the brain.Virology · 2024Article
- Co-evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants and host immune response trajectories underlie COVID-19 pandemic to epidemic transition.iScience · 2023Article
- Structure-guided inhibition of the cancer DNA-mutating enzyme APOBEC3A.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Viral Membrane Fusion: A Dance Between Proteins and Lipids.Annual review of virology · 2023Review
- Article
- Globally elevated levels of histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation in early infancy are associated with poor growth trajectory in Bangladeshi children.Clinical epigenetics · 2023Article
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Influencing Zoonotic Spillover Potential and Transmission in Humans.Viruses · 2023Review
- Role of Dynamics and Mutations in Interactions of a Zinc Finger Antiviral Protein with CG-rich Viral RNA.Journal of chemical information and modeling · 2023Article
- Protein-Coding Region Derived Small RNA in Exosomes from Influenza A Virus-Infected Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Zinc Finger Protein BCL11A Contributes to the Abortive Infection ofJournal of virology · 2022Article
- The DEAD box RNA helicase DDX42 is an intrinsic inhibitor of positive-strand RNA viruses.EMBO reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Antiviral restriction factors are cellular proteins that inhibit the entry, replication, or spread of viruses. These proteins are critical components of the innate immune system and function to limit the severity and host range of virus infections. Here we review the current knowledge on the mechanisms of action of several restriction factors that affect multiple viruses at distinct stages of their life cycles. For example, APOBEC3G deaminates cytosines to hypermutate reverse transcribed viral DNA; IFITM3 alters membranes to inhibit virus membrane fusion; MXA/B oligomerize on viral protein complexes to inhibit virus replication; SAMHD1 decreases dNTP intracellular concentrations to prevent reverse transcription of retrovirus genomes; tetherin prevents release of budding virions from cells; Viperin catalyzes formation of a nucleoside analogue that inhibits viral RNA polymerases; and ZAP binds virus RNAs to target them for degradation. We also discuss countermeasures employed by specific viruses against these restriction factors, and mention secondary functions of several of these factors in modulating immune responses. These important examples highlight the diverse strategies cells have evolved to combat virus infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.