Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30290184›Full record

ReviewLife sciences2018

Alternative mechanisms of translation initiation: An emerging dynamic regulator of the proteome in health and disease.

Carissa C James, James W Smyth

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Life sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  5. NovelPathology oncology research : POR · 2026
    Article
  6. The ribosomal landscape in influenza A virus infection: from molecular mechanisms to clinical relevance.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026
    Review
  7. Review
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  9. Review
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  11. Article
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  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Ribosome dysfunction in osteoarthritis.Current opinion in rheumatology · 2022
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Carissa C JamesVirginia Tech Carilion Research Institute and School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, USA; Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Center for Heart and Regenerative Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, USA.
James W SmythVirginia Tech Carilion Research Institute and School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Center for Heart and Regenerative Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, USA. Electronic address: smythj@vtc.vt.edu.
Carilion Roanoke Memorial Hospital · US

Funding

Translation initiation in cardiac intercellular communication and stress-induced remodelingR01HL132236 · NHLBI · VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND ST UNIV · PI SMYTH, JAMES WILLIAM · 2017 to 2021
$2.0M
Altered translation initiation in regulation of gap junction couplingF31HL140909 · NHLBI · VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND ST UNIV · PI JAMES, CARISSA · 2018 to 2019
$55k
NHLBI NIH HHS F31 HL140909NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL132236
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Eukaryotic mRNAs were historically thought to rely exclusively on recognition and binding of their 5' cap by initiation factors to effect protein translation. While internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) are well accepted as necessary for the cap-independent translation of many viral genomes, there is now recognition that eukaryotic mRNAs also undergo non-canonical modes of translation initiation. Recently, high-throughput assays have identified thousands of mammalian transcripts with translation initiation occurring at non-canonical start codons, upstream of and within protein coding regions. In addition to IRES-mediated events, regulatory mechanisms of translation initiation have been described involving alternate 5' cap recognition, mRNA sequence elements, and ribosome selection. These mechanisms ensure translation of specific mRNAs under conditions where cap-dependent translation is shut down and contribute to pathological states including cardiac hypertrophy and cancer. Such global and gene-specific dynamic regulation of translation presents us with an increasing number of novel therapeutic targets. While these newly discovered modes of translation initiation have been largely studied in isolation, it is likely that several act on the same mRNA and exquisite coordination is necessary to maintain 'normal' translation. In this short review, we summarize the current state of knowledge of these alternative mechanisms of eukaryotic protein translation, their contribution to normal and pathological cell biology, and the potential of targeting translation initiation therapeutically in human disease.

Indexed as

DiseaseGene Expression RegulationProtein BiosynthesisHealth StatusHumansProteomeProteomeIRESITAFmRNARibosomeTranslation

Identifiers

PMID30290184
PMCPMC6345546
OpenAlexW2895428325

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.