ReviewCell2018
A Paradigm Shift in Cancer Immunotherapy: From Enhancement to Normalization.
Review in Cell, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 732 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
732 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,416 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transcriptomic Profile of Glioblastoma Cells Infected with Zika Virus: A Systematic Review and Pathway Analysis.Viruses · 2026Pooled it
- Prognostic significance of tumoral Siglec-15 expression in solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Research landscape, thematic evolution, and translational insights of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis: a bibliometric analysis (2006-2025).Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Microbiota boost immunotherapy? A meta-analysis dives into fecal microbiota transplantation and immune checkpoint inhibitors.BMC medicine · 2025Pooled it
- First-line immune checkpoint inhibitors in low programmed death-ligand 1-expressing population.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Prognostic value of inflammatory markers NLR, PLR, LMR, dNLR, ANC in melanoma patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis and systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Induction chemotherapy plus camrelizumab followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy in unresectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a single-arm phase II trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Article
- Recent developments in cancer immuno-interception strategies.Trends in molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Mathematical and Mouse Models Identify Regulatory T Cell Influx as A Key Determinant of Acquired Resistance to PD-1 Immunotherapy.Cancer research · 2026Article
- CD5Science advances · 2026Article
- Vitamin B5 supports anti-PD1 response in HER2-positive gastric cancer and enhances interaction between naïve B cells and T cells.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Harnessing the microbiome: a new frontier in lung cancer immunotherapy.Cancer biology & medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Loss of tumor suppressor NF2 mediates resistance to CAR T cell and anti-PD-1 therapy: Strategies to restore immunotherapy sensitivity.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Review
- Nuclear PD-L1: an emerging oncogenic driver and promising therapeutic target in cancer.Journal of biomedical science · 2026Review
- An herbal formula, SH003 alleviates colorectal cancer through dual targeting of adaptive and innate checkpoints PD-L1/CD47.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- A HO-1 gene knockout using a NanoCRISPR scaffold suppresses metastasis in mouse models.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Deciphering the immunological landscape of HR + metastatic breast cancer: insights from single-cell transcriptomics.Human cell · 2026Article
672 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Harnessing an antitumor immune response has been a fundamental strategy in cancer immunotherapy. For over a century, efforts have primarily focused on amplifying immune activation mechanisms that are employed by humans to eliminate invaders such as viruses and bacteria. This "immune enhancement" strategy often results in rare objective responses and frequent immune-related adverse events (irAEs). However, in the last decade, cancer immunotherapies targeting the B7-H1/PD-1 pathway (anti-PD therapy), have achieved higher objective response rates in patients with much fewer irAEs. This more beneficial tumor response-to-toxicity profile stems from distinct mechanisms of action that restore tumor-induced immune deficiency selectively in the tumor microenvironment, here termed "immune normalization," which has led to its FDA approval in more than 10 cancer indications and facilitated its combination with different therapies. In this article, we wish to highlight the principles of immune normalization and learn from it, with the ultimate goal to guide better designs for future cancer immunotherapies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.