ArticleAIDS (London, England)2019
Effectiveness of a multivitamin supplementation program among HIV-infected adults in Tanzania.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of micronutrient supplements on influenza and other respiratory tract infections among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2021Pooled it
- Anemia, Iron Status, and HIV: A Systematic Review of the Evidence.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Pooled it
- Nutritional Status of Adult People Living with HIV: A Narrative Review.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Effect of high-dose multivitamin supplements on alanine aminotransferase elevations among adults living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Tanzania.BMC nutrition · 2024Article
- The dawn of repurposing vitamins as potential novel antimicrobial agents: A call for global emergency response amidst AMR crisis.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Association between multivitamin supplementation and mortality among patients with Ebola virus disease: An international multisite cohort study.African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence · 2020Article
- Risk Factors for Alanine Aminotransferase Elevations in a Prospective Cohort of HIV-Infected Tanzanian Adults Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a routine multivitamin supplementation program for adults living with HIV in Tanzania.
designWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of 67 707 adults enrolled in the Dar es Salaam HIV care and treatment program during 2004-2012.
methodsThe Dar es Salaam HIV care and treatment program intended to provide all adult patients with multivitamin supplements (vitamins B-complex, C, and E) free of charge; however, intermittent stockouts and other implementation issues did not afford universal coverage. We use Cox proportional hazard models to assess the time-varying association of multivitamin supplementation with mortality and clinical outcomes.
resultsThe study cohort contributed 41 540 and 129 315 person-years of follow-up time to the antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive and ART-experienced analyses, respectively. Among 48 207 ART-naive adults, provision of multivitamins reduced the risk of mortality [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.69; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.59-0.81], incident tuberculosis (TB) (aHR: 0.83; 0.76-0.91), and meeting ART eligibility criteria (aHR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.73-0.83) after adjustment for time-varying confounding. Among 46 977 ART-experienced patients, multivitamins reduced mortality (hazard ratio: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.80-0.92), incident TB (aHR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.73-0.84), and immunologic failure (aHR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.67-0.73). The survival benefits associated with provision multivitamins appeared to be greatest during the first year of ART and declined over time (P value <0.001).
conclusionMultivitamin supplementation appears to be a simple, effective, safe, and scalable program to improve survival, reduce incidence of TB, and improve treatment outcomes for adult HIV patients in Tanzania.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.