SynthesisAIDS (London, England)2019
Women, incarceration and HIV: a systematic review of HIV treatment access, continuity of care and health outcomes across incarceration trajectories.
Synthesis in AIDS (London, England), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Improving Post-Release Care Engagement for People Living with HIV Involved in the Criminal Justice System: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analyses on initiation, adherence and outcomes of antiretroviral therapy in incarcerated people.PloS one · 2020Pooled it
- Prescribing methadone in prison predicts linkage to HIV care after release from prison: A randomized and patient preference trial.The International journal on drug policy · 2025Trial
- Effects of incentivizing viral suppression in previously incarcerated adults living with HIV.HIV research & clinical practice · 2020Trial
- Correlates of pre-exposure prophylaxis amongst transgender women of color taking gender-affirming hormone therapy: Findings from the TURNNT cohort study.International journal of transgender health · 2026Article
- Hurdles of Accessing HIV Treatment Among Homeless People Who Use Nyaope in Mogale City, Gauteng Province: An Exploratory Qualitative Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Interventions to Improve HIV Care Continuum Outcomes for People With HIV Who Have Incarceration Experience: A Narrative Review.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Implementation Science Approaches to Addressing the Social and Structural Determinants of Health of Criminal-Legal Involved People Living With HIV to Improve HIV Care Outcomes.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Article
- Facilitators and Barriers to adherence to antiretroviral therapy among incarcerated people living with HIV in Iran: insights from a qualitative study.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Determinants of access to primary healthcare for formerly incarcerated women transitioning into the community: a systematic review of the literature.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- Stigma, Discrimination and Other Social-Structural Factors Associated with Barriers to Counselling or Therapy among Women Living with HIV Who have Experienced Violence in Metro Vancouver, Canada.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- "They Give you a bus Ticket and They Kick you Loose": A Qualitative Analysis of Post-Release Experiences among Recently Incarcerated Women Living with HIV in Metro Vancouver, Canada.Violence against women · 2024Article
- Experiences of Justice-Involved People Transitioning to HIV Care in the Community After Prison Release in Lusaka, Zambia: A Qualitative Study.Global health, science and practice · 2023Article
- Historical Perspective of Pediatric Health Disparities in Infectious Diseases: Centuries in the Making.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2022Article
- "They look at you like you're contaminated": how HIV-related stigma shapes access to care for incarcerated women living with HIV in a Canadian setting.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2022Article
- Slipping through: mobility's influence on infectious disease risks for justice-involved women in Canada.Health & justice · 2021Article
- Impact of dedicated women's outreach workers (WOWs) on recruitment of women in ACTG clinical studies.HIV research & clinical practice · 2021Article
- HIV viral load trajectories of women living with HIV in Metro Vancouver, Canada.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2021Article
- Disparities in the PrEP continuum for trans women compared to MSM in San Francisco, California: results from population-based cross-sectional behavioural surveillance studies.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2020Article
- Syndemic factors associated with adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-positive adult heterosexual men.AIDS research and therapy · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe aim of this study was to systematically review the literature on gendered implications of incarceration for HIV outcomes and engagement in care for women living with HIV (WLWH).
designWe systematically searched seven bibliographic databases, for peer-reviewed English-language studies, published between 2007 and 2017 reporting on incarceration, women (transgender inclusive) and HIV.
methodsArticles were included for evaluation if they reported outcomes for at least one of three measures of interest: viral load, antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence or engagement in care among WLWH along incarceration trajectories.
resultsOut of 1119 studies, 24 (2%) met the inclusion criteria. Of these 24 studies, the majority (n = 23) were conducted in the USA, 19 included samples of women and men and seven studies were transgender inclusive. Our review did not reveal clear sex differences in HIV outcomes during periods of incarceration; however, studies reporting postincarceration outcomes demonstrated significant sex disparities in all three outcomes of interest. Following incarceration, women were less likely to be virally suppressed, less likely to achieve optimal ART adherence and less likely to be engaged in care.
conclusionDespite growing numbers of incarcerated WLWH globally, there is a substantial gap in research examining the impact of incarceration on HIV outcomes for WLWH. Significant sex disparities in HIV outcomes and engagement in care exist along incarceration trajectories for WLWH, especially postincarceration. For improved health outcomes, research is needed to examine the experiences of WLWH throughout incarceration trajectories to develop interventions tailored to the specific needs of WLWH both during and following incarceration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.