Observational studyAIDS (London, England)2018
Increase in HSV shedding at initiation of antiretroviral therapy and decrease in shedding over time on antiretroviral therapy in HIV and HSV-2 infected persons.
Observational study in AIDS (London, England), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Periodontal Microbial Profiles Across Periodontal Conditions in Pediatric Subjects: A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Periodontal Status and Herpesiviridae, Bacteria, and Fungi in Gingivitis and Periodontitis of Systemically Compromised Pediatric Subjects: A Systematic Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Prevalence and Association with Inflammatory Cytokines Among Sexual and Gender Minorities Living With and Without HIV-1 from Lagos, Nigeria.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2023Article
- Papillomatous Anogenital Lesions in a Patient With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- Subclinical Genital Herpes Shedding in HIV/Herpes Simplex Virus 2-Coinfected Women during Antiretroviral Therapy Is Associated with an Increase in HIV Tissue Reservoirs and Potentially Promotes HIV Evolution.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Prospective International Study of Incidence and Predictors of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome and Death in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Severe Lymphopenia.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesHIV-infected persons with chronic herpesvirus infections may experience paradoxical worsening after initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART), but the impact of longer term ART is unclear. We evaluated the relationships between genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) shedding and ART initiation and time on therapy in HIV and HSV-2-infected persons.
designProspective observational study.
methodsRates of HSV shedding in 45 HIV and HSV-2-infected persons on or off ART were prospectively followed over up to three, noncontiguous, 60-day periods, during which participants performed daily genital swabs for HSV detection by real-time HSV DNA PCR and reported symptoms. Initiation or discontinuation of ART was at the discretion of participants' healthcare providers.
resultsIn all, 6425 daily genital swabs were obtained from 45 persons (38 men and seven women) during 105 swabbing sessions. During the three sessions, 67, 74, and 92% of persons were on ART. HSV was detected on 26.5% of days in men and 22.3% of days in women. The overall rates of genital HSV shedding were 19.4% of days in persons not on ART, 30.2% in persons within 90 days of ART initiation, and 23.3% in persons on ART for longer than 90 days. After initiation of ART, HSV shedding decreased by 2% per month, or 23% per year (RR 0.98/month on ART; P = 0.0003 in adjusted analysis). This finding was consistent after including consideration of HIV viral load and CD4 cell count.
conclusionsHSV shedding increased significantly shortly after ART initiation, but decreased with time on prolonged ART.
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