ArticleEuropean journal of breast health2018
The Significance of Extent of Extracapsular Extension in Patients with T1-2 and N1 Breast Cancer.
Article in European journal of breast health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of capsule invasion on recurrence and survival in axillary lymph node metastases of breast cancer.Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) · 2026Article
- Radiotherapy Boost to Clinically Positive Internal Mammary Lymph Nodes: An Effective Non-Surgical Alternative?Journal of breast cancer · 2025Article
- Exploring the past, present, and future of postoperative radiotherapy for N2 stage non-small cell lung cancer.Radiation oncology journal · 2023Article
- Prognostic value of extranodal extension in axillary lymph node-positive breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
objectiveThe prognostic importance of extracapsular extension (ECE) in breast cancer is not yet clear, especially in patients with pathological T1-2 and N1 (pT1-2N1) disease. We aimed to investigate whether the extent of ECE was an independent prognostic factor for survival outcomes in patients with pT1-2N1 breast cancer. MATERIALS AND
methodsA total number of 131 patients with pT1-2N1 breast cancer treated between 2009 and 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. A single pathologist re-analyzed the histologic examples of all cases. The extent of ECE was graded from 0 to 4.
resultsThere was a significant correlation between the number of lymph nodes involved and ECE grade (p=0.004). According to the univariate analysis, lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and ECE grade were the significant prognostic factors for overall survival (OS); age, number of metastatic lymph nodes, menopausal status, and ECE grade were the prognostic factors for disease-free survival (DFS). With a median follow-up of 46 months, grade 3-4 ECE seems to be notably associated with a shorter OS and DFS in multivariate analysis. The mean OS was 85 months for the patients with grade 0-2 ECE vs 75 months for the patients with grade 3-4 ECE (p=0.003). The mean DFS was 83 months for the patients with grade 0-3 ECE vs 68 months for the patients with grade 4 ECE (p=<0.0001).
conclusionThis research has shown that the extent of ECE is an important prognostic factor for survival in pT1-2N1 breast cancer patients and grade 3-4 ECE seems to be notably associated with a shorter OS and DFS.
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