ArticleResearch and reports in urology2018
Colony-stimulating factors detected in tumor cells and voided urine are potential prognostic markers for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy.
Article in Research and reports in urology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development of Novel Intravesical Formulation for Bladder Retention Targeting Bladder Disorders.Current drug targets · 2025Review
- BCG and Alternative Therapies to BCG Therapy for Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2024Review
- Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guerin-derived extracellular vesicles as an alternative to live BCG immunotherapy.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundThe clinical use of macrophage colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has improved the safety of cytotoxic chemotherapy. However, the overexpression of these CSFs in cancers has been reported to be associated with a poor prognosis in various malignancies. We evaluated the potential of CSF expression as a predictor of clinical outcome in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).
methodsConsecutive patients (n=58) with MIBC who underwent radical cystectomy (RC) were included in this retrospective study. Treatment-naïve tumor specimens obtained by initial transurethral resection of bladder tumors prior to RC were immunostained with antibodies against macrophage colony-stimulating factor, G-CSF, and GM-CSF. We compared the clinicopathological variables and survival between these groups. Baseline levels of CSFs in the serum and voided urine were quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared with the expression of CSFs in the tumor lesions.
resultsLow expression of GM-CSF in the tumor cells was significantly correlated with a pathological T4 category (vs T2-3;
conclusionGM-CSF and G-CSF expression in the tumor lesions obtained by initial transurethral resection are independent predictors of poor outcome in MIBC after RC. Levels of G-CSF and GM-CSF in urine before treatment could be useful in prognostication.
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