Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30288109›Full record

ReviewCancer management and research2018

Secondhand smoking increases bladder cancer risk in nonsmoking population: a meta-analysis.

Huaqing Yan, Yufan Ying, Haiyun Xie, Jiangfeng Li, Xiao Wang, Liujia He, Ke Jin, Jianer Tang, Xin Xu, Xiangyi Zheng

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Cancer management and research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Bladder cancer risk factors: a comprehensive umbrella review of meta-analyses.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Validation of CxbladderResearch and reports in urology · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Epidemiology of Bladder Cancer.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Huaqing YanDepartment of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China, zheng_xy@zju.edu.cn.
Yufan YingDepartment of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China, zheng_xy@zju.edu.cn.
Haiyun XieDepartment of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China, zheng_xy@zju.edu.cn.
Jiangfeng LiDepartment of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China, zheng_xy@zju.edu.cn.
Xiao WangDepartment of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China, zheng_xy@zju.edu.cn.
Liujia HeDepartment of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China, zheng_xy@zju.edu.cn.
Ke JinDepartment of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China, zheng_xy@zju.edu.cn.
Jianer TangDepartment of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China, zheng_xy@zju.edu.cn.
Xin XuDepartment of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China, zheng_xy@zju.edu.cn.
Xiangyi ZhengDepartment of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China, zheng_xy@zju.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTobacco smoking has been widely acknowledged to be the most important risk factor for bladder cancer. However, whether secondhand smoking (SHS) increases the risk of bladder cancer still remains uncertain. We conducted a meta-analysis about the risk of bladder cancer and lifetime SHS and childhood SHS. MATERIALS AND

methodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) up to March 12, 2018, and checked references of the retrieved articles and relevant reviews to include 14 studies. Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to assess this risk.

resultsThe pooled RR of 14 eligible studies based on the retrieved articles and relevant reviews illustrated a significantly increased risk of bladder cancer with RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.06-1.4. No heterogeneity or publication bias was found. But we need more evidence to prove a more reliable association between childhood SHS and bladder cancer.

conclusionThere was a statistically significant 22% increased risk of bladder cancer for lifetime SHS exposure in nonsmoking patients compared with unexposed nonsmoking population. But the association between childhood SHS exposure compared with unexposed nonsmoking population was unclear. Further research should be conducted to confirm our findings and reveal the potential biological mechanisms.

Indexed as

bladder tumorchildhood exposureenvironmental smokingnonsmoking adult

Identifiers

PMID30288109
PMCPMC6159806

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.