ArticleEnvironmental health and toxicology2018
Comparison of volatile organic compounds between cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) and extract (CSE) samples.
Article in Environmental health and toxicology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Aged Garlic Extract and Its Bioactive Molecules S-Allyl-Cysteine and S1-Propenyl-Cysteine: A Review Focusing on Evidences Supporting Their Use for Mitigating the Effects of Cigarette Smoking.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- MicroRNA Signatures in Dental Pulp Stem Cells Following Nicotine Exposure.Dentistry journal · 2025Article
- A next-generation system for smoke inhalation integrated with a breathing lung-on-chip to model human lung responses to cigarette exposure.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Challenges in current inhalable tobacco toxicity assessment models: A narrative review.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Review
- Cigarette Smoke-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species Formation: A Concise Review.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Cigarette smoking exposure disrupts the regenerative potential of dental pulp stem cells.Tobacco induced diseases · 2023Article
- IL-1β knockdown inhibits cigarette smoke extract-induced inflammation and apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells.PloS one · 2023Article
- β-Caryophyllene Counteracts Chemoresistance Induced by Cigarette Smoke in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer MDA-MB-468 Cells.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Effects of smoking on the tissue regeneration-associated functions of human endometrial stem cells via a novel target gene SERPINB2.Stem cell research & therapy · 2022Article
- Standardized Cannabis Smoke Extract Induces Inflammation in Human Lung Fibroblasts.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Cigarette Smoke Condensate Exposure Induces Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-Products (RAGE)-Dependent Sterile Inflammation in Amniotic Epithelial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Article
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- Transcriptional Response ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Effect of Cigarette Smoke on Gut Microbiota: State of Knowledge.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- Macrophages Inhibit Ciliary Protein Levels by Secreting BMP-2 Leading to Airway Epithelial Remodeling Under Cigarette Smoke Exposure.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is a major risk factor for several diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. The toxicity of the cigarette smoke can be determined in vitro. The cytotoxicity test of the cigarette smoke is commonly conducted using the cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) and cigarette smoke extract (CSE). The CSC and CSE methods are well known for sampling of the particles and water-soluble compounds in the cigarette smoke, respectively. In this study, the CSC and CSE were analyzed by using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system equipped with a wax column for separation of the volatile organic compounds. The cytotoxic effect of the CSC and CSE were evaluated thoroughly by comparing the analytical results of the CSC and CSE samples. The total concentration of the volatile organic compounds detected in the CSC sample was similar to that in the CSE sample based on the peak area. Except for the dimethyl sulfoxide solvent, nicotine had the highest concentration in the CSC sample, while acetonitrile had the highest concentration in the CSE sample. The compositions were as follows: (1) CSC sample: 55.8% nicotine, 18.0% nicotyrine, 3.20% 1,2,3-propanetriol, triacetate, 1.28% ethyl chloride, 1.22% phenol, etc. and (2) CSE sample: 18.7% acetonitrile, 18.0% acetone, 12.5% 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propanenitrile, 8.98% nicotine, 5.86% nicotyrine, etc. In this manner, to accurately examine the cytotoxicity of the cigarette smoke using CSC or CSE, the components and their concentrations in the CSC and CSE samples should be considered.
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