ReviewFrontiers in immunology2018
The Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis: The Early Infiltrate of Post-primary (Adult Pulmonary) Tuberculosis: A Distinct Disease Entity.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Computer vision applications for the detection or analysis of tuberculosis using digitised human lung tissue images - a systematic review.BMC medical imaging · 2024Pooled it
- Radiological and functional evidence of the bronchial spread of tuberculosis: an observational analysis.The Lancet. Microbe · 2021Trial
- Integrated analysis of miRNA and transcription factor gene expression profiles associated with anti-tuberculosis treatment responses.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Single-cell and spatial profiling highlights TB-induced myofibroblasts as drivers of lung pathology.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Screening and in silico evaluation of candidate late-stage antigens for incorporation into multi-stage and post-exposure vaccines against tuberculosis.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- Circulating antibody signatures againstFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- An overview on central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS-TB) focusing on cognitive impairments.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas · 2026Review
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis biology, pathogenicity and interaction with the host.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Dysplastic lung repair fosters a tuberculosis-promoting microenvironment through maladaptive macrophage polarization.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia presents as right lung upper lobe cavitary lesion: Case report and literature review.Medicine · 2025Review
- Insights into Natural Products from Marine-Derived Fungi with Antimycobacterial Properties: Opportunities and Challenges.Marine drugs · 2025Review
- How macrophage heterogeneity affects tuberculosis disease and therapy.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Association between the extent of intrapulmonary spread on chest CT and false-negative results of T-SPOT.TB in pulmonary tuberculosis: a retrospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Chronic Cavitary Pulmonary Histoplasmosis-Novel Concepts Regarding Pathogenesis.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Aberrant macrophage activation and maladaptive lung repair promote tuberculosis progression uniquely in the lung.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Characterization of Early Lesions of Human Post-Primary Tuberculosis and Its Progression to Necrosis Using Archival Material of the Pre-Antibiotic Era.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- Mapping Crohn's Disease Pathogenesis with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis: A Hijacking by a Stealth Pathogen.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2024Review
- Stromal inflammation, fibrosis and cancer: An old intuition with promising potential.World journal of clinical oncology · 2023Review
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
It has long been recognized that tuberculosis (TB) induces both protective and tissue damaging immune responses. This paper reviews nearly two centuries of evidence that protection and tissue damage are mediated by separate disease entities in humans. Primary TB mediates protective immunity to disseminated infection while post-primary TB causes tissue damage that results in formation of cavities. Both are necessary for continued survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Primary TB has been extensively studied in humans and animals. Post-primary TB, in contrast, is seldom recognized or studied. It begins as an asymptomatic early infiltrate that may resolve or progress by bronchogenic spread to caseous pneumonia that either fragments to produce cavities or is retained to produce post-primary granulomas and fibrocaseous disease. Primary and post-primary TB differ in typical age of onset, histopathology, organ distribution, x-ray appearance, genetic predisposition, immune status of the host, clinical course and susceptibility to protection by BCG. MTB is a highly successful human parasite because it produces both primary and post-primary TB as distinct disease entities in humans. No animal reproduces this sequence of lesions. Recognition of these facts immediately suggests plausible solutions, animal models and testable hypotheses to otherwise inaccessible questions of the immunity and pathogenesis of TB.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.