ArticleThe Pediatric infectious disease journal2019
Antibiotic Resistance Among Pediatric-Sourced Ocular Pathogens: 8-Year Findings From the Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring in Ocular Microorganisms (ARMOR) Surveillance Study.
Article in The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- The public health impact of making chloramphenicol an over-the-counter antibiotic: a systematic literature review.International ophthalmology · 2025Pooled it
- Emerging Ocular Pathogen Resistance and Clinically Used Solutions: A Problem That Is More than Meets the Eye.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Paediatric Utilisation of Ophthalmic Antibiotics in the Ear in Aotearoa/New Zealand.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- New Approaches to Overcoming Antimicrobial Resistance in Endophthalmitis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Antibiotic resistance in ocular bacterial infections: an integrative review of ophthalmic chloramphenicol.Tropical medicine and health · 2023Review
- Antimicrobial Activity of a Triple Antibiotic Combination Toward Ocular Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates.Translational vision science & technology · 2022Article
- Antibiofilm and repair activity of ozonated oil in liposome.Microbial biotechnology · 2022Article
- A Systematic Review of Multi-decade Antibiotic Resistance Data for Ocular Bacterial Pathogens in the United States.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2022Review
- Microbial spectrum and antibiotic sensitivity in infantile dacryocystitis.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2021Article
- Antibiotic Resistance Pattern ofFrontiers in pediatrics · 2021Article
- Characterization of Polybacterial versus Monobacterial Conjunctivitis Infections in Pediatric Subjects Across Multiple Studies and Microbiological Outcomes with Besifloxacin Ophthalmic Suspension 0.6.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Article
- Trends in Antibiotic Resistance Among Ocular Microorganisms in the United States From 2009 to 2018.JAMA ophthalmology · 2020Article
- Non-antibiotic Small-Molecule Regulation of DHFR-Based Destabilizing DomainsMolecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2019Article
- Necrotizing orbital infections: A comprehensive review.Saudi journal of ophthalmology : official journal of the Saudi Ophthalmological SocietyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring in Ocular Microorganisms (ARMOR) study is a nationwide longitudinal antibiotic resistance surveillance program specific to bacterial pathogens commonly encountered in ocular infections. We evaluated in vitro resistance rates and trends among isolates obtained from pediatric patients (≤17 years of age).
methodsClinical centers across the United States were invited to submit ocular isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to a central laboratory. Minimum inhibitory concentrations for various antibiotic classes were determined by broth microdilution per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines and interpreted as susceptible, intermediate or resistant based on available breakpoints. Longitudinal trends were analyzed using a Cochran-Armitage test for linear trends in a proportion.
resultsOf 4829 isolates collected from January 2009 to December 2016, 995 isolates, sourced primarily from hospitals and referral centers, were obtained from pediatric patients (n = 286 H. influenzae, n = 284 S. aureus, n = 213 CoNS, n = 150 S. pneumoniae and n = 62 P. aeruginosa). With few exceptions, P. aeruginosa and H. influenzae were generally susceptible to the antibiotics tested. Of S. aureus and CoNS isolates, respectively, 56% and 72% were resistant to azithromycin and 24% and 47% were methicillin-resistant (MR); concurrent resistance to other drug classes and multidrug resistance (≥3 drug classes) were prevalent among MR staphylococci. Of S. pneumoniae isolates, 38% and 35% demonstrated resistance to azithromycin and penicillin, respectively. Besifloxacin had the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration against the Gram-positive isolates.
conclusionsThese in vitro data suggest antibiotic resistance is common among staphylococcal and pneumococcal isolates collected from pediatric patients with ocular infections. Methicillin resistance was prevalent among staphylococci with many strains demonstrating multidrug resistance. These findings may not be representative of resistance trends in community-based practices.
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