Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30280635›Full record

Trial reportThe New England journal of medicine2018

Pembrolizumab plus Chemotherapy for Squamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Luis Paz-Ares, Alexander Luft, David Vicente, Ali Tafreshi, Mahmut Gümüş, Julien Mazières, Barbara Hermes, Filiz Çay Şenler, Tibor Csőszi, Andrea Fülöp and 13 more

9 registry-linked trialsOpen access · bronzeAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIIMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The New England journal of medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 9 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 2,115 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2,115citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
154.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02775435 phase3completednot on this map

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase III Study of Carboplatin-Paclitaxel/Nab-Paclitaxel Chemotherapy With or Without Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) in First Line Metastatic Squamous Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Subjects (KEYNOTE-407)

TypeinterventionalSponsorMerck Sharp & Dohme LLCRan2016 to 2023Enrolled559ConditionsNon-small Cell Lung CancerArmsPembrolizumab, Paclitaxel, Nab-paclitaxel, Carboplatin, Saline placebo for pembrolizumab
NCT04141644 phase1active not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

A Phase Ib Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Osimertinib in Combination With Ipilimumab in Patients With EGFR Mutated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Tumors

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of UtahRan2020 to 2028Enrolled24ConditionsNon-Small Cell Lung Cancer With Mutation in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (Disorder)ArmsIpilimumab, Osimertinib
NCT04153734 phase2not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Pembrolizumab + Platinum Doublets Without Radiation for Patients With PD-L1 ≥50% Locally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: a Multicenter Prospective Single Arm Phase II Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorKobe Minimally Invasive Cancer CenterRan2019 to 2023Enrolled21ConditionsLocally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung CancerArmsPembrolizumab, Cis Platinum, Carboplatin, Pemetrexed, nab paclitaxel
NCT04765709 phase2terminatednot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

BRIDGE Trial: Phase II Trial of durvalumaB and chemotheRapy Induction Followed by Durvalumab and Radiotherapy in larGe volumE Stage III NSCLC

TypeinterventionalSponsorMario Negri Institute for Pharmacological ResearchRan2021 to 2025Enrolled10ConditionsNon-small Cell Lung Cancer Stage IIIArmsdurvalumab plus platinum-based chemotherapy (cisplatin or carboplatin plus vinorelbine or pemetrexed), Durvalumab plus radiotherapy, durvalumab
NCT04856176 phase2terminatednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

A Phase II Trial of GM-CSF Plus Maintenance Pembrolizumab +/- Pemetrexed After Completion of First Line Chemo-Immunotherapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with PDL-1 of 1%-49%

TypeinterventionalSponsorTufts Medical CenterRan2022 to 2024Enrolled5ConditionsAdvanced Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Carcinoma of Lung, TNM Stage 4ArmsGranulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Pembrolizumab, pemetrexed, Paclitaxel, Carboplatin
NCT05378334 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Efficacy and Safety of Bone-protecting and Mass-dispersesing Decoction (HuGuXiaoJiTang, HGXJT) Combining With ICIs in Bone Metastatic NSCLC Patients

TypeinterventionalSponsorGuangzhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineRan2022 to 2028Enrolled82ConditionsNon-small Cell Lung CancerArmsICI, Chemotherapy, Placebo, Bone-protecting and Mass-dispersesing Decoction
NCT05568212 phase2recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Phase II, Two-cohorts, Randomized Trial Comparing Standard of Care Versus Immune- Based Combination in Relapsed Stage III Non-small-cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Pretreated With Chemoradiotherapy and Durvalumab (MEDI4736)

TypeinterventionalSponsorFondazione Ricerca TraslazionaleRan2022 to 2027Enrolled176ConditionsNon-small-cell Lung Cancer PatientsArmsDurvalumab, Olaparib tablet, Single-agent chemotherapy, Platinum doublet chemotherapy
NCT06115239 unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Evaluation of Changes in Quality of Life in Patients With Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma Undergoing Lung Resection Before and After Receiving Adjuvant Treatment Using the EORTC-LC29 Questionnaire

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of SalamancaRan2024 to 2026Enrolled200ConditionsCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, Quality of LifeArmsQuestionnaires
NCT06865339 phase2recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

TRIPL: Thoracic Radiotherapy and Inhibition of PD-1 and LAG-3 for Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

TypeinterventionalSponsorMontefiore Medical CenterRan2025 to 2027Enrolled76ConditionsNSCLC, Locally AdvancedArmsCemiplimab, Fianlimab, Radiotherapy, Platinum Doublet Chemotherapy (PDC)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2,115 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 3,583 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Safety, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Preliminary Efficacy from a First-in-Human Study of Volrustomig, a Novel PD-1/CTLA-4 Bispecific Antibody.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026
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2,055 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Luis Paz-AresFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Alexander LuftFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
David VicenteFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Ali TafreshiFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Mahmut GümüşFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Julien MazièresFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Barbara HermesFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Filiz Çay ŞenlerFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Tibor CsősziFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Andrea FülöpFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Jerónimo Rodríguez-CidFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Jonathan WilsonFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Shunichi SugawaraFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Terufumi KatoFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Ki Hyeong LeeFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Ying ChengFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Silvia NovelloFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Balazs HalmosFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Xiaodong LiFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Gregory M LubinieckiFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Bilal PiperdiFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
Dariusz M KowalskiFrom Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Universidad Complutense and Ciberonc, Madrid (L.P.-A.), and Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville (D.V.) - both in Spain; Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.L.); Wollongong Oncology and Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (A.T.); Istanbul Medeniyet University Hospital, Istanbul (M.G.), and Ankara University, Ankara (F.Ç.Ş.) - both in Turkey; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B. Hermes); Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok (T.C.), and Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest (A.F.) - both in Hungary; Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City (J.R.-C.); Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto (J.W.); Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai (S.S.), and the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama (T.K.) - both in Japan; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheong-ju, South Korea (K.H.L.); Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China (Y.C.); University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy (S.N.); Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (B. Halmos); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (X.L., G.M.L., B.P.); and the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (D.M.K.).
KEYNOTE-407 Investigators
Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier · FRWollongong Hospital · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundStandard first-line therapy for metastatic, squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is platinum-based chemotherapy or pembrolizumab (for patients with programmed death ligand 1 [PD-L1] expression on ≥50% of tumor cells). More recently, pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy was shown to significantly prolong overall survival among patients with nonsquamous NSCLC.

methodsIn this double-blind, phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, 559 patients with untreated metastatic, squamous NSCLC to receive 200 mg of pembrolizumab or saline placebo for up to 35 cycles; all the patients also received carboplatin and either paclitaxel or nanoparticle albumin-bound [nab]-paclitaxel for the first 4 cycles. Primary end points were overall survival and progression-free survival.

resultsAfter a median follow-up of 7.8 months, the median overall survival was 15.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.2 to not reached) in the pembrolizumab-combination group and 11.3 months (95% CI, 9.5 to 14.8) in the placebo-combination group (hazard ratio for death, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.85; P<0.001). The overall survival benefit was consistent regardless of the level of PD-L1 expression. The median progression-free survival was 6.4 months (95% CI, 6.2 to 8.3) in the pembrolizumab-combination group and 4.8 months (95% CI, 4.3 to 5.7) in the placebo-combination group (hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.45 to 0.70; P<0.001). Adverse events of grade 3 or higher occurred in 69.8% of the patients in the pembrolizumab-combination group and in 68.2% of the patients in the placebo-combination group. Discontinuation of treatment because of adverse events was more frequent in the pembrolizumab-combination group than in the placebo-combination group (13.3% vs. 6.4%).

conclusionsIn patients with previously untreated metastatic, squamous NSCLC, the addition of pembrolizumab to chemotherapy with carboplatin plus paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel resulted in significantly longer overall survival and progression-free survival than chemotherapy alone. (Funded by Merck Sharp & Dohme; KEYNOTE-407 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02775435 .).

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsCarboplatinCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansIntention to Treat AnalysisLung NeoplasmsMaleMiddle AgedPaclitaxelProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedCarboplatinPaclitaxelpembrolizumabProgrammed Cell Death 1 Receptor

Identifiers

PMID30280635
OpenAlexW2892640821

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