ArticleScientific reports2018
Analysis of the antimicrobial mechanism of porcine beta defensin 2 against E. coli by electron microscopy and differentially expressed genes.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Total Chemical Synthesis and Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Properties of Porcine β-Defensin 5 Against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Porcine β-defensin 5 (pBD-5) modulates the inflammatory and metabolic host intestinal response to infection.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Piggybacking on nature: exploring the multifaceted world of porcine β-defensins.Veterinary research · 2025Review
- Porcine beta defensin 2 attenuates inflammatory responses in IPEC-J2 cells against Escherichia coli via TLRs-NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Peptides with Antimicrobial Activity in the Saliva of the Malaria VectorInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Electrical Conductivity and Antibacterial Activity of Woven Fabrics through Quercetin-Assisted Thermal Reduction of a Graphene Oxide Coating.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial and Immunomodulatory Potential of Cow Colostrum Extracellular Vesicles (ColosEVs) in an Intestinal In Vitro Model.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Multiple Functions of pBD2 in IPEC-J2 Cells againstInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Clinical Application Prospects of Antimicrobial Peptides.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Structural and Functional Characterization of a Novel Recombinant Antimicrobial Peptide fromCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2021Article
- Pigs Overexpressing Porcine β-Defensin 2 Display Increased Resilience toAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Generation of Marker-FreeGenes · 2020Article
- Mode-of-Action of Antimicrobial Peptides: Membrane Disruption vs. Intracellular Mechanisms.Frontiers in medical technology · 2020Review
- Differential expression, molecular cloning, and characterization of porcine beta defensin 114.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2019Article
- β-Defensins: Farming the Microbiome for Homeostasis and Health.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Porcine beta defensin 2 (pBD2) is a cationic antimicrobial peptide with broad spectrum antibacterial activity, which makes it a potential alternative to antibiotics to prevent and cure diseases of pigs. However, development of pBD2 as an effective antibiotic agent requires molecular understanding of its functional mechanism against pathogens. In this study, we investigated the functional mechanism of pBD2 antibacterial activity. Escherichia coli was incubated with different pBD2 concentrations for different times. Electron microscopy was used to analyze the locations of pBD2 and its induced morphological changes in E. coli. Gene expression analysis was also performed to further understand the molecular changes of E. coli in response to pBD2 incubation. The results demonstrated that E. coli membranes were broken, holed, and wrinkled after treatment with pBD2, and pBD2 was located on the cell membranes and manly in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, 38 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected, successfully sequenced and confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Most of the known functional DEGs were associated with DNA transcription and translation and located in the cytoplasm. Collectively, the results suggest that pBD2 could have multiple modes of action and the main mechanism for killing E. coli might be influence on DNA transcription and translation by targeting intracellular molecules after membrane damage, although transport and metabolism proteins were also affected.
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