ArticleScientific reports2018
Arrowtail RNA for Ligand Display on Ginger Exosome-like Nanovesicles to Systemic Deliver siRNA for Cancer Suppression.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 164 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
164 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 238 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emerging Plant-Derived Exosome-Like Particles Reveal Key Therapeutic Benefits. A Comprehensive Review of Evidence.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Pooled it
- A critical systematic review of extracellular vesicle clinical trials.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2024Pooled it
- Exosome-like nanoparticles derived from fruits, vegetables, and herbs: innovative strategies of therapeutic and drug delivery.Theranostics · 2024Pooled it
- Extracellular Vesicles and Plant-Derived Vesicles in Cancer: From Mechanisms to Clinical Translation.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Exosome-mediated siRNA delivery in cancer: Loading strategies, targeting approaches, and therapeutic outcomes.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026Review
- Exosome-mediated siRNA delivery in cancer: Loading strategies, targeting approaches, and therapeutic outcomes.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026Review
- Engineering Strategies for Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Modification, Drug Delivery Performance, and Synergistic Effects with Gel Composite Systems.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Plant-Derived Nanovesicles: A Comprehensive Review from Isolation to Clinical Translation-Unlocking Natural Nanocarriers for Biomedical Applications.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Engineered Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Strategy for Tumor-Targeted Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Plant-derived nanovesicles: the intelligent nanoplatforms for therapeutics and drug delivery.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Dysregulated Repair in Aging and Disease: Extracellular Vesicles as an Emerging Protective Strategy.Cells · 2026Review
- Plant-derived nanocarriers & nanostructures for barrier-defined translation: a comprehensive review of mechanisms, targets, and translation.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Small RNA sequencing analysis identified miR159a as a novel candidate for activity in plant-derived nanovesicles from limon, hassaku, and sudachi.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Developing Potent Therapeutics for Liver Cancer Chemoresistance via an RNA Nanotech and Series-Circuit-Christmas-Bulb Mechanism Targeting ABC Transporters.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Plant-Derived Vesicle-like Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy: From Drug Delivery to Combined Immunotherapy.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Plant-derived exosomes: an emerging delivery platform for cancer therapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles: dual-function platforms for anticancer therapy and drug delivery.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Plant-Derived Nanovesicles: Resolving Conceptual Confusion, Overcoming Isolation Challenges, and Advancing Translational Potential.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Rethinking delivery routes: oral administration of plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles reduces the toxicity of intravenous injection.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Ginger-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Natural Solution for Alopecia.Current drug delivery · 2026Article
104 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Exosomes have shown increasing potential as delivery vesicles for therapy, but challenges like cost/yield, drug payload, and targeting specificity still exist. Plant derived exosome-like nanoparticles have been reported as a promising substitution and exhibit biocompatibility through oral, intranasal administration; however, systemic delivery of siRNA by exosome-like nanoparticles directly isolated from plants has not been reported. Recently, we reported the control of RNA orientation to decorate human derived exosome with cell targeting ligands for specific delivery of siRNA to tumors. Here, we expand to the application of arrowtail RNA nanoparticles for displaying ligands on ginger derived exosome-like nanovesicles (GDENs) for siRNA delivery and tumor inhibition through IV administration. Cushion ultracentrifugation coupled with equilibrium density gradient ultracentrifugation were used for purifying GDENs that displayed size, density, and morphology similar to human derived exosomes. Folic acid (FA), as a ligand, was displayed on the surface of GDENs for targeted delivery of survivin siRNA to KB cancer models. In vitro gene knockdown efficacy by FA-3WJ/GDENs/siRNA complex was comparable to transfection. We observed inhibition of tumor growth on a xenograft model by intravenous administration, which reveals the potential of GDENs as an economic delivery system for siRNA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.