ArticleCancer medicine2018
Identification of LEA, a podocalyxin-like glycoprotein, as a predictor for the progression of colorectal cancer.
Article in Cancer medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- PODXL might be a new prognostic biomarker in various cancers: a meta-analysis and sequential verification with TCGA datasets.BMC cancer · 2020Pooled it
- Exosomes from Tregs mitigate lung damage caused by smoking via inhibiting inflammation and altering T lymphocyte subsets in COPD rats.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Exosomes as Actively Targeted Nanocarriers for Cancer Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2020Review
- Identification of LEA, a podocalyxin-like glycoprotein, as a predictor for the progression of colorectal cancer.Cancer medicine · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Large external antigen (LEA) is considered as a colorectal cancer (CRC)-associated antigen, which was found via mAb ND-1 generated using hybridoma technology, but its molecular features remain unknown. To facilitate the clinical application of LEA, we identified LEA as a podocalyxin-like protein 1 (PODXL) with molecular weight of approximately 230 kDa, a hyperglycosylated protein, using immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry in combination, and verified that ND-1-recognized epitope is on the terminal sialic acid of LEA. Correlation analysis between LEA and PODXL in molecular weight, immunological cross-reactivity, and gene expression dependence supported the PODXL identity of the LEA. Moreover, we assessed the clinical significance of the LEA in 89 pairs of primary CRC tissues and adjacent nontumor colorectal tissues using ND-1 by quantum dot-based immunohistochemistry (QD-IHC). High LEA expression was correlated significantly with T stage (P = 0.010). Patients with high LEA expression showed significantly poorer prognosis than those with LEA low expression (P = 0.007). Multivariate analysis indicated LEA expression as an independent predictor. Furthermore, the comparative analysis showed that mAb ND-1-based IHC analysis toward sugar residue of PODXL has higher sensitivity and specificity to evaluate the LEA/PODXL expression than mAb 3D3-based method toward core protein of PODXL in CRC cell lines and clinical samples. In addition, we first found that LEA/PODXL can be secreted in exosomes from cancer cells and CRC patient peripheral blood. Our results demonstrate that LEA is an independent predictor for CRC progression and has the potential to be applied for clinical setting with high sensitivity, high specificity, and noninvasive access.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.