ArticleCurrent opinion in behavioral sciences2018
The Role of Learning in Threat Imminence and Defensive Behaviors.
Article in Current opinion in behavioral sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Attentional processing in individual anxiety: Electrocortical correlates of threat- and safety-related declarative memory formation.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Electrocortical and Physiological Correlates of Memory and Attention During the Anticipation of Avoidable and Inevitable Threats.Psychophysiology · 2026Article
- Dissociable Neural Responses to Conditioned Social Threats are Modulated by Spatial Proximity in PTSD and MDD.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The representational geometry of emotional states in basolateral amygdala.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Imagery-based fear conditioning enhances the late positive potential.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Hippocampal representations differentiate reactive and anticipatory responses during foraging under threat.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Corticotropin-Releasing Factor and Somatostatin Neurons in the Central Amygdala Mediate Dynamic Defensive Behaviors during Fear Extinction.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Endocannabinoid modulation of defensive state transitions to innate and learned threat.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Moving targets: threat and uncertainty on the front line.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Article
- Differential modulation of freezing and 22-kHz USVs by shock intensity, tone-duration matching, and anxiety levels in rodent fear-conditioning paradigms.Learning & behavior · 2025Article
- Hippocampal area CA2 activity supports social investigation following an acute social stress.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Pavlovian to instrumental transfer of control over fight or flight decisions.NPJ science of learning · 2025Article
- Intersect between brain mechanisms of conditioned threat, active avoidance, and reward.Communications psychology · 2025Review
- The impact of inherently aversive contexts on visuocortical processing of generalized threat.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- A preliminary study of threat-anticipatory responding in Latina youth: associations with age, anxiety, and cortical thickness.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2024Article
- Repeated presentation of visual threats drives innate fear habituation and is modulated by environmental and physiological factors.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- The effects of threat on complex decision-making: evidence from a virtual environment.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The neurobiology of interoception and affect.Trends in cognitive sciences · 2024Review
- Prefrontal cortical dynorphin peptidergic transmission constrains threat-driven behavioral and network states.Neuron · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Life threatening situations as urgent as defending against a predator precludes the use of slow trial and error strategies. Natural selection has led to the evolution of a behavioral system that has 3 critical elements. 1) When it is activated it limits the behaviors available to the organism to a set of prewired responses that have proven over phylogeny to be effective at defense. 2) A rapid learning system, called Pavlovian fear conditioning, that has the ability to immediately identify threats and promote prewired defensive behaviors. 3) That learning system has the ability to integrate several informational dimensions to determine threat imminence and this allows the organism to match the most effective defensive behavior to the current situation. The adaptive significance of conscious experiential states is also considered.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.