Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30275873›Full record

ArticleInternational breastfeeding journal2018

Uncovering the barriers to exclusive breastfeeding for mothers living in Dhaka's slums: a mixed method study.

Halima Khatun, Carly A Comins, Rajesh Shah, M Munirul Islam, Nuzhat Choudhury, Tahmeed Ahmed

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International breastfeeding journal, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Preventing malnutrition within the first 1000 days of life in under-resourced communities: An integrative literature review.Journal of child health care : for professionals working with children in the hospital and community · 2024
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Environmental and Maternal Imprints on Infant Gut Metabolic Programming.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Halima Khatun1Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh.
Carly A Comins2James P. Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh.
Rajesh ShahSave the Children, Kathmandu, 44600 Nepal.
M Munirul Islam1Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh.
Nuzhat Choudhury1Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh.
Tahmeed Ahmed1Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh.
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research · BDBRAC University · BD

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDespite the substantial impact on child and maternal health, breastfeeding practices for infants remain at the suboptimum level in Bangladesh. Yet the understanding of why these practices are suboptimal, especially surrounding urban slum dwelling mothers, is unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess early infant feeding practices, examine associations with maternal factors, and uncover the facilitators and barriers to early feeding practices in selected slums of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

methodsA mixed method study was conducted from June to September 2016 using both quantitative and qualitative methods among mothers with children under the age of 6 months. The survey included 342 mother-infant pairs and 18 in-depth interviews were conducted. Univariate and multiple logistic regression was used to determine status of early infant feeding practices and factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) within the previous 24 h. Transcripts were coded to uncover the facilitators and barriers surrounding early infant feeding practices.

resultsSixty four percent (220/342) of mothers initiated breastfeeding within 1 h, 96.5% (330/342) reported feeding colostrum, and 36.3% (124/342) infants were EBF in the last 24 h. After adjusting for child gender, maternal age, education, diet and household income; infant's age (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for 61-120 days 6.42; 95% CI 3.42, 12.1; AOR for 121-180 days 45.6; 95% CI 18.33, 113.45), prelacteal feeding (AOR 2.53; 95% CI 1.14, 4.58), lack of planning for EBF during pregnancy (AOR 4.06; 95% CI 1.09, 15.12) and infants delivered by cesarean section (AOR 2.76; 95% CI 1.34, 5.67) were negatively associated with EBF. During the 18 interviews, eight mothers reported a cesarean delivery and none of these mothers initiated breastfeeding within 1 h or exclusively breastfed. Moreover, all eight mothers gave their infants prelacteal feeds.

conclusionsThe status of early infant feeding practices in Dhaka's slums was poor. The negative impact of cesarean section on all early infant feeding practices was evident in both quantitative and qualitative analysis.

Indexed as

Associated factorsBangladeshBarriers and facilitatorsDhakaExclusive breastfeedingInitial breastfeedingMode of deliverySlum

Identifiers

PMID30275873
PMCPMC6158891
OpenAlexW2893945396

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.