ArticleOncoTargets and therapy2018
Phenformin and metformin inhibit growth and migration of LN229 glioma cells in vitro and in vivo.
Article in OncoTargets and therapy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of gastric cancer-associated genetic variants, gene-based meta-analysis, and gene-level functional analysis to identify candidate genes for drug development.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Pooled it
- Metformin and glioma: Targeting metabolic dysregulation for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.Translational oncology · 2025Review
- The interplay of mitochondrial dysfunction and altered metabolic pathways in glioblastoma.Contemporary oncology (Poznan, Poland) · 2025Review
- The Role and Applied Value of Mitochondria in Glioma-Related Research.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Review
- Progress in antitumor mechanisms and applications of phenformin (Review).Oncology reports · 2024Review
- Metformin and its potential influence on cell fate decision between apoptosis and senescence in cancer, with a special emphasis on glioblastoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Efficacy and safety of metformin plus low-dose temozolomide in patients with recurrent or refractory glioblastoma: a randomized, prospective, multicenter, double-blind, controlled, phase 2 trial (KNOG-1501 study).Discover oncology · 2023Article
- Heterogeneity of Amino Acid Profiles of Proneural and Mesenchymal Brain-Tumor Initiating Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Exploring the Mechanism of Adjuvant Treatment of Glioblastoma Using Temozolomide and Metformin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Phenformin increases early hematopoietic progenitors in the Jak2Investigational new drugs · 2022Article
- Antitumor Activity of a Mitochondrial-Targeted HSP90 Inhibitor in Gliomas.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2022Article
- Article
- Repurposing of Anticancer Stem Cell Drugs in Brain Tumors.The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society · 2021Review
- Functions of RNF Family in the Tumor Microenvironment and Drugs Prediction in Grade II/III Gliomas.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- Phenformin inhibits proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma cells via AMPK-mTOR and HIF-1A pathways.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2020Article
- Metformin as Potential Therapy for High-Grade Glioma.Cancers · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMalignant glioma is refractory to conventional treatment, highlighting a need to develop novel efficacious therapies. Biguanides, a class of oral antidiabetic drug, have been thought to inhibit proliferation and metastasis in a variety of cancers. PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to investigate the affections of biguanides, phenformin (Phen) and metformin (Met), on growth and migration of glioma cells LN229 in vitro and in vivo.
methodsGlioma cells LN229 were treated with Phen or Met, then cell proliferation and death were evaluated by MTT assay and PI stain, and cell cycle were evaluated using flow cytometric analysis, meantime wound healing assay and transwell migration assay were performed to detect cell migration ability. In addition, LN229 were injected in thigh of nude mice, and the mice were treated with Phen or Met to detect the effect of Phen and Met in vivo.
resultsPhen and Met could significantly inhibit cell growth through inhibiting cell proliferation, promoting cell death and disturbing cell cycle, and these drugs also could inhibit cell colony formation in glioma cells LN229 in vitro. Meanwhile, both Phen and Met could significantly inhibit cell migration of LN229 in vitro, through effecting the expression of E-cadherin and Vimentin. In addition, both Phen and Met inhibited the growth and migration of LN229 in a tumor xenograft model. Furthermore, Phen and Met were associated with the increased level of ROS of cell mitochondrial, and ROS inhibitor NAC could significantly rescue the cell death induced by Phen and Met.
conclusionPhen and Met displayed powerful antitumor effects of LN229, and our findings powerfully suggest the possibility of Phen and Met being used as an adjuvant agent in the treatment of glioma patients.
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Registered trials
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