Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30275316›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2018

Entropically driven aggregation of bacteria by host polymers promotes antibiotic tolerance in

Patrick R Secor, Lia A Michaels, Anina Ratjen, Laura K Jennings, Pradeep K Singh

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 101 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
101citing papers in PubMed
5.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

101 citing papers in PubMed, 182 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Morphogenesis of bacterial colonies in liquid crystalline environments.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Characterization ofJournal of bacteriology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Biophysical Constraints Dictate the Stability of Social Traits inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. A quorum-sensing molecule fromProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  8. Phage-Mediated Iron Acquisition bybioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Dissecting the physics of bacterial biofilms with agent-based simulations.Current opinion in solid state & materials science · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Patrick R SecorDepartment of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 patrick.secor@mso.umt.edu.
Lia A MichaelsDepartment of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.
Anina RatjenDepartment of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.
Laura K JenningsDepartment of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.
Pradeep K SinghDepartment of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.
University of Washington · US

Funding

Surveillance genome sequencing to detect SARS-CoV-2 virus variants in MontanaP20GM103546 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA · PI BOWLER, BRUCE E · 2012 to 2021
$19.2M
Investigating treatment resistance mechanisms in chronic bacterial infectionsR01AI101307 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI BRUCE, JAMES EDWARD, MANOIL, COLIN · 2012 to 2016
$2.9M
Studies on bacterial populations and therapeutics for CF lung infectionsK24HL102246 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI SINGH, PRADEEP K · 2010 to 2019
$1.6M
Understanding polymer-induced bacterial aggregation and antimicrobial toleranceK22AI125282 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA · PI SECOR, PATRICK R · 2018 to 2019
$265k
NHLBI NIH HHS K24 HL102246NIAID NIH HHS K22 AI125282NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI101307NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103546
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bacteria causing chronic infections are generally observed living in cell aggregates suspended in polymer-rich host secretions, and bacterial phenotypes induced by aggregated growth may be key factors in chronic infection pathogenesis. Bacterial aggregation is commonly thought of as a consequence of biofilm formation; however the mechanisms producing aggregation in vivo remain unclear. Here we show that polymers that are abundant at chronic infection sites cause bacteria to aggregate by the depletion aggregation mechanism, which does not require biofilm formation functions. Depletion aggregation is mediated by entropic forces between uncharged or like-charged polymers and particles (e.g., bacteria). Our experiments also indicate that depletion aggregation of bacteria induces marked antibiotic tolerance that was dependent on the SOS response, a stress response activated by genotoxic stress. These findings raise the possibility that targeting conditions that promote depletion aggregation or mechanisms of depletion-mediated tolerance could lead to new therapeutic approaches to combat chronic bacterial infections.

Indexed as

Drug ToleranceEntropyAnti-Bacterial AgentsBiofilmsHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPhenotypePseudomonas aeruginosaPseudomonas InfectionsAnti-Bacterial Agentsantibiotic tolerancebiofilmchronic infectiondepletion aggregationPseudomonas aeruginosa

Identifiers

PMID30275316
PMCPMC6196481
OpenAlexW2893127586

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.