ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2019
Placental Structure in Preterm Birth Among HIV-Positive Versus HIV-Negative Women in Kenya.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Placental histopathology in preterm birth with confirmed maternal infection: A systematic literature review.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Cytomegalovirus and HIV Co-Infections During Pregnancy and Early Childhood.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Review
- Elevated NGF provokes decidual lipid peroxidation and promotes preterm birth in mice.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease with Thrombospondin Motif, Member 13, and Von Willebrand Factor in Relation to the Duality of Preeclampsia and HIV Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The effect of antenatal isoniazid preventive therapy on birth outcomes in Western Kenya.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2023Article
- Histomorphometric features of placentae from women having malaria and HIV coinfection with preterm births.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- The impact of HIV and ART exposure during pregnancy on fetal growth: a prospective study in a South African cohort.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Placental Decidual Arteriopathy and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A Expression Among Women With or Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- HIV Associated Preeclampsia: A Multifactorial Appraisal.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- A Narrative Review of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in the Placenta and Placental Bed of HIV Infected Women of African Ancestry with Preeclampsia.Current hypertension reports · 2021Review
- Circulating angiogenic factors and HIV among pregnant women in Zambia: a nested case-control study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Article
- Vaginal Microbiota, Genital Inflammation and Extracellular Matrix Remodelling Collagenase: MMP-9 in Pregnant Women With HIV, a Potential Preterm Birth Mechanism Warranting Further Exploration.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Placental Morphologic Similarities Between ZIKV-Positive and HIV-Positive Pregnant Women.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Periconceptional exposure to lopinavir, but not darunavir, impairs decidualization: a potential mechanism leading to poor birth outcomes in HIV-positive pregnancies.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2020Article
- Preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM) and pregnancy outcomes in association with HIV-1 infection in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Article
- Placental growth disorders and perinatal adverse outcomes in Brazilian HIV-infected pregnant women.PloS one · 2020Article
- Placental vascular abnormalities in the mouse alter umbilical artery wave reflections.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPreterm birth (PTB) is a major cause of infant morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Recent data suggest that in addition to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) increases the risk of PTB. As the mechanisms remain unexplored, we conducted this study to determine whether HIV and ART were associated with placental changes that could contribute to PTB.
settingWe collected and evaluated placentas from 38 HIV-positive women on ART and 43 HIV-negative women who had preterm deliveries in Nairobi, Kenya.
methodsAnatomical features of the placentas were examined at gross and microscopic levels. Cases were matched for gestational age and compared by the investigators who were blinded to maternal HIV serostatus.
resultsAmong preterm placentas, HIV infection was significantly associated with thrombosis (P = 0.001), infarction (P = 0.032), anomalies in cord insertion (P = 0.02), gross evidence of membrane infection (P = 0.043), and reduced placental thickness (P = 0.010). Overall, preterm placentas in both groups were associated with immature villi, syncytial knotting, villitis, and deciduitis. Features of HIV-positive versus HIV-negative placentas included significant fibrinoid deposition with villus degeneration, syncytiotrophoblast delamination, red blood cell adhesion, hypervascularity, and reduction in both surface area and perimeter of the terminal villi.
conclusionsThese results imply that HIV infection and/or ART are associated with morphological changes in preterm placentas that contribute to delivery before 37 weeks. Hypervascularity suggests that the observed pathologies may be attributable, in part, to hypoxia. Further research to explore potential mechanisms will help elucidate the pathways that are involved perhaps pointing to interventions for decreasing the risk of prematurity among HIV-positive women.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.