ReviewInternal and emergency medicine2019
The pathogenetic mechanisms of cough in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Review in Internal and emergency medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- The burden of cough in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and other interstitial lung diseases: a systematic evidence synthesis.Respiratory research · 2024Pooled it
- Dual αAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025Trial
- Updates on the Prevalence, Quality of Life, and Management of Chronic Cough in Interstitial Lung Diseases.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Patient-centered care in pulmonary fibrosis: access, anticipate, and act.Respiratory research · 2024Review
- Determinants of cough-related quality of life in interstitial lung diseases.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
- Review
- Review
- Characteristics of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis -associated cough. a case-control study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2023Article
- Management of musculoskeletal pain in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a review.Upsala journal of medical sciences · 2022Review
- Mechanism of miR-204-5p in exosomes derived from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid on the progression of pulmonary fibrosis via AP1S2.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Article
- Cough in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2021Review
- Utility of serological biomarker' panels for diagnostic accuracy of interstitial lung diseases.Immunologic research · 2020Article
- A 5-month history of fever and dry cough in a 67-year-old man.Internal and emergency medicine · 2020Article
- Salivary Pepsin as an Intrinsic Marker for Diagnosis of Sub-types of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease-related Disorders.Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility · 2020Article
- Clinical significance of self-reported cough intensity and frequency in patients with interstitial lung disease: a cross-sectional study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2019Article
- Management of cough in patients with idiopathic interstitial lung diseases in primary care.Chronic respiratory diseaseArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a peripheral subpleural interstitial lung disorder limited to the lung not involving the airways. It has a poor prognosis (survival less than 5 years) and commonly an interstitial pneumonia radiological pattern. Patients complain of a chronic dry cough in 80% of cases. A cough is often the first symptom of this rare disease, preceding dyspnea by years, and is associated with a poor prognosis, high dyspnea scores and low FVC percentages. The pathogenetic mechanisms leading to coughing in IPF are unclear. This review focuses on recent evidence of cough pathophysiology in this disease. Gastroesophageal reflux may promote coughing in IPF patients; bile salts and pepsin may be abundant in BAL of these patients, inducing overproduction of TGF-β by airway epithelial cells and mesenchymal transition with fibroblast recruitment/activation and extracellular matrix deposition. Patients have an enhanced cough reflex to capsaicin and substance P with respect to control subjects. Moreover, patients with the MUC5B polymorphism show more severe coughing as MUC5B encodes for the dominant mucin in the honeycomb cysts of IPF patients. Comorbidities, including asthma, gastroesophageal reflux, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema, can induce coughing in IPF patients. There is no clear explanation of the causes of coughing in IPF. Further research into the pathophysiology of IPF and the pathogenetic mechanisms of coughing is necessary to improve survival and quality of life.
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