Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30268163›Full record

ArticleTrials2018

A fixed nitrous oxide/oxygen mixture as an analgesic for trauma patients in emergency department: study protocol for a randomized, controlled trial.

Lu-Lu Gao, Li-Shan Yang, Jun-Jun Zhang, Yi-Ling Wang, Ke Feng, Lei Ma, Yuan-Yuan Yu, Qiang Li, Qing-Huan Wang, Jin-Tao Bao and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Trials, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Lu-Lu GaoSchool of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
Li-Shan YangEmergency Department, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
Jun-Jun ZhangSchool of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
Yi-Ling WangSchool of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
Ke FengEmergency Department, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
Lei MaEmergency Department, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
Yuan-Yuan YuEmergency Department, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
Qiang LiEmergency Department, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
Qing-Huan WangEmergency Department, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
Jin-Tao BaoEmergency Department, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
Ya-Liang DaiSchool of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
Qiang LiuSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
Yu-Xiang LiSchool of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China. li_yuxiang@163.com.
Qiang-Jian YuDepartment of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Institute of Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China. yujq910315@163.com.
Ningxia Medical University · CNNingxia Medical University General Hospital · CN

Funding

Provincial Science and Technology support program project Ning Ke Ji Zi [2014] No. 20
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAcute pain is always the most common complaint in Emergency Department admissions and options for analgesia are limited. Nitrous oxide/oxygen possess many properties showing it may be an ideal analgesic method for the Emergency Department; it is quick-acting, well-tolerated, and does not mask signs and symptoms. The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and analgesic effect of the fixed nitrous oxide/oxygen mixture for trauma patients in a busy emergency environment.

methodsThe randomized, double-blind, prospective, placebo-controlled study will be carried out in the Emergency Department of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University. The target research objects are trauma patients who present to the Emergency Department and report moderate to severe intensities of acute pain. A total of 90 patients will be recruited and randomly assigned into the treatment and control group. The treatment group will receive conventional pain treatment plus nitrous oxide/oxygen mixture and the control group will receive conventional pain treatment plus oxygen. Neither patients, nor investigators, nor data collectors will know the nature of the gas mixture in each cylinder and the randomization list. Outcomes will be monitored at baseline(T0), 5 min (T1), and 15 min (T2) after the beginning of intervention and at 5 min post intervention (T3) for each group. The primary outcome is the level of pain relief after the initial administering of the intervention at T1, T2, and T3. Secondary outcomes include adverse events, physiological parameters, total time of the gas administration, satisfaction from both patients and healthcare professionals, and the acceptance of patients. DISCUSSION: Our previous studies suggested that a fixed nitrous oxide/oxygen mixture was an efficacious analgesic for the management of burning dressing pain and breakthrough cancer pain. The results of this study will provide a more in-depth understanding of the effect of this gas. If this treatment proves successful, it could help to generate preliminary guidelines and be implemented widely in trauma patients with pain in Emergency Departments.

trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Register, ChiCTR-INR-16007807 . Registered on 21 January 2016.

Indexed as

Emergency Medical ServicesOxygen Inhalation TherapyAcute PainAdministration, InhalationAnalgesics, Non-NarcoticChinaDouble-Blind MethodHumansNitrous OxidePain MeasurementPatient SatisfactionProspective StudiesRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeWounds and InjuriesAnalgesics, Non-NarcoticNitrous OxideAcute painAnalgesiaNitrous oxideTrauma

Identifiers

PMID30268163
PMCPMC6162929
OpenAlexW2893731539

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.