Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30267800›Full record

Observational studyThe Journal of infection2019

Social patterning of telephone health-advice for diarrhoea and vomiting: analysis of 24 million telehealth calls in England.

Natalie L Adams, Tanith C Rose, Alex J Elliot, Gillian Smith, Roger Morbey, Paul Loveridge, James Lewis, Gareth Studdard, Mara Violato, Sarah J O'Brien and 4 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in The Journal of infection, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Natalie L AdamsNIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, Liverpool, UK; Department of Public Health and Policy, University of Liverpool, UK; National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, UK. Electronic address: Natalie.Adams@phe.gov.uk.
Tanith C RoseNIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, Liverpool, UK; Department of Public Health and Policy, University of Liverpool, UK.
Alex J ElliotReal-time Syndromic Surveillance Team, Field Service, National Infection Service, Public Health England, Birmingham, UK; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, London, UK.
Gillian SmithReal-time Syndromic Surveillance Team, Field Service, National Infection Service, Public Health England, Birmingham, UK; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, London, UK.
Roger MorbeyReal-time Syndromic Surveillance Team, Field Service, National Infection Service, Public Health England, Birmingham, UK; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, London, UK.
Paul LoveridgeReal-time Syndromic Surveillance Team, Field Service, National Infection Service, Public Health England, Birmingham, UK.
James LewisEmergency Response Department, Science and Technology, Health Protection Directorate, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK.
Gareth StuddardNHS England, West Midlands Integrated Urgent Care, Birmingham, UK.
Mara ViolatoNIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, Liverpool, UK; Health Economics Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Sarah J O'BrienNIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, Liverpool, UK; Department of Public Health and Policy, University of Liverpool, UK.
Margaret WhiteheadNIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, Liverpool, UK; Department of Public Health and Policy, University of Liverpool, UK.
David C Taylor-RobinsonNIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, Liverpool, UK; Department of Public Health and Policy, University of Liverpool, UK.
Jeremy I HawkerNIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, Liverpool, UK; National Infection Service, Field Service, Public Health England, Birmingham, UK.
Benjamin BarrNIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, Liverpool, UK; Department of Public Health and Policy, University of Liverpool, UK.
University of Liverpool · GBHealth Protection Scotland · GBPublic Health England · GBNHS England

Funding

Department of HealthMedical Research Council MR/P008577/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesGastrointestinal (GI) infections are common and most people do not see a physician. There is conflicting evidence of the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on risk of GI infections. We assessed the relationship between SES and GI calls to two National Health Service (NHS) telephone advice services in England.

methodsOver 24 million calls to NHS Direct (2010-13) and NHS 111 (2013-15) were extracted from Public Health England (PHE) syndromic surveillance systems. The relationship between SES and GI calls was assessed using generalised linear models (GLM).

resultsAdjusting for rurality and age-sex interactions, in NHS Direct, children in disadvantaged areas were at lower risk of GI calls; in NHS 111 there was a higher risk of GI calls in disadvantaged areas for all ages (0-4 years RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.25-1.29; 5-9 years RR 1.43, 95% CI 1.36-1.51; 10-14 years RR 1.36, 95% CI 1.26-1.41; 15-19 years RR 1.59, 95% CI 1.52-1.67; 20-59 years RR 1.50, 95% CI 1.47-1.53, 60 years and over RR 1.12, 95% CI 1.09-1.14).

conclusionsDisadvantaged areas had higher risk of GI calls in NHS 111. This may relate to differences in exposure or vulnerability to GI infections, or propensity to call about GI infections.

Indexed as

Socioeconomic FactorsAdolescentAdultChildChild, PreschoolDiarrheaEnglandFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleMiddle AgedPublic HealthState MedicineTelemedicineDiarrhoeaInequalitiesSyndromic surveillanceVomiting

Identifiers

PMID30267800
PMCPMC6428660
OpenAlexW2894295162

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.